Wednesday, July 31, 2019

Culinarian Coookware Case Essay

I.Consumer Behavior Culinarian cookware is sold through retailers and directly to consumers. Culinarian has carefully cultivated relationships with its limited retail network, comprised of three upscale kitchen specialty chains, two department store chains, and 75 local specialty stores. Direct-to-consumer sales are made through Culinarian’s website or its catalogs. Because Culinarian relies on a variety of intermediaries to sell its products through retail channels (see Exhibit A for details), it must be careful how any planned promotions will change incentives for those intermediaries. For example, price discounts offered by Culinarian may not be passed on to end users. Thus, although end users ultimately drive sales of Culinarian products, Culinarian must take care to protect the interests of retailers and their salespeople in order to remain successful. The Orion Market Research Study reveals a great deal of useful information regarding Culinarian’s target demographic. Despite the many options to purchase remotely (via online vendors or mail order catalogues), purchases from retail locations account for 85% of total sales. See Exhibit B for details. This is strong evidence that consumers want to evaluate the quality and style of the cookware at the time of purchase. 75% of consumers in the study already own more than 5 pieces of cookware. See Exhibit C for more details. The majority of households in the Orion study had either given or received cookware as a gift, which aligns with evidence suggesting that cookware sales are seasonal – purchasing peaks occur in May and June (wedding season) and November and December (the holiday season). Because cookware is a durable good (i.e. it is not consumed and carries forward from one period into the next) it may be especially sensitive to sales discount cycles. Details on pre-sale losses and post-sale losses due to cannibalization are shown in Exhibit E. See Exhibit F for details on variation in cookware purchases by month. If consumers are purchasing in anticipation of annual events, they may be especially sensitive to promotional offers. This means that any analysis of cannibalization due to promotions or price discounts must be sure to analyze the full impact of pre and post-sale cannibalization. II.Culinarian success factors Culinarian has built a premium brand by producing innovative, high-quality cookware and developing strong relationships with retailers. Culinarian’s products are trusted by consumers who consider cooking to be their number one hobby (60% of Culinarian customers), and by professional chefs. The company meets the needs of these different segments by offering four product lines, each varying in terms of the level of technology and features involved, but all high quality. Culinarian has also been a leader in terms of metallurgic improvements in the cookware industry. Most important to Culinarian’s success, however, is its relationship with retailers. The company’s focused retail strategy allows the Culinarian sales team to visit retailers more often than their competitors, keeping retailers abreast of new products and training sales clerks as necessary. In addition, Culinarian products are more profitable for retailers than competitors’ products, creating addi tional warmth for their cookware among retailers. III.Evaluation of 2004 promotion Culinarian’s senior sales manager, Victoria Brown, maintains that the 2004 promotion was profitable, while a team of consultants believes it lost Culinarian money. The tables in Exhibit G depict each viewpoint on the effectiveness of the promotion, in addition to our own midrange analysis. Differences in the estimation of projected vs. actual sales largely accounts for the difference in profitability estimates. The consultants included cannibalization estimates in their model, while Brown argued that different â€Å"normal† estimates should be used when calculating sales. However, we find Brown’s belief that â€Å"there is no reliable way to calculate cannibalization costs† (case p.6) to be unconvincing; while the consultants’ numbers may not be perfect, they approximate the results of customers and retailers being able to plan purchasing around the price promotion due to the January notification. We included cannibalization in our midrange estimate for this reason. Brown and the consultants also disagree on the calculation of variable costs. Brown states that only direct labor and raw materials should be included, while the consultants include a much more comprehensive bundle of SG&A expenses and overhead. Either could be considered correct, but as a check we calculated a midway point in addition to the consultants’ perspective and Brown’s perspective. Brown’s numbers show strong profitability of $2.4 million due to the 2004 sales promotion, while the consultants’ numbers show a loss of $409,697 due to the promotion. Our intermediate scenario, incorporating cannibalization costs but splitting the difference between the consultants and Brown on both sales figures and variable costs, shows a weak profitability of $106,594 from the promotion. This weak profitability must be held against the negative side effects of price promotions in general, and par ticularly with regard to premium products. IV.2007 promotion recommendations We do not recommend that Culinarian continue offering price promotions. The fluctuations in demand for Culinarian products around the promotional period in 2004 indicates the likelihood that cannibalization occurred; we found that much of the growth in demand as well as the corresponding decline in demand before and after a promotional period had little to do with the typical monthly demand in the market. It seems very likely that the decreased demand we see before and after the promotional periods can be attributed to the cannibalization of full price sales by the discounted units sold during promotions. Another strong reason why we recommend against price promotions is that no other premium cookware manufacturer engages in these promotions. Part of cultivating a high-end brand image is making sure that products are priced accordingly, and making sure that consumers are able to distinguish between lower-end and premium products. Price can be an important indicator of quality, desirability, and status in this regard. Culinarian is extremely careful about maintaining its premium brand image, and offering regular price promotions along with lower-end producers such as Star Chef and Kitchen Select would likely erode the brand positioning that Culinarian had developed. However, we have developed two alternative recommendations to price promotions that may help strengthen Culinarian’s distribution network and increase sales. First, we recommend that Culinarian strengthen the point system currently in place to reward retail salespeople with Culinarian cookware. Emphasizing this alternative incentive would help maintain good retailer relationships, and would increase the motivation of salespeople to sell Culinarian. Second, we recommend that Culinarian continue its free gift promotion in slightly altered form. Qualifying customers should be provided with a coupon that directs them to Culinarian’s website, where they can enter their information and have the gift shipped to them. By running the promotion through its website, Culinarian will remove the burden of free gift inventory costs for retailers and, more importantly, drive traffic to Culinarian’s underutilized website (currently less than 5% of sales are made through the website). Additional web traffic could increase the proportion of direct purchases (with the attendant higher margins), as well as keeping customers more connected to the company and more likely to purchase Culinarian products in the future.

Tuesday, July 30, 2019

Analyzation of a quote from Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe Essay

In Things Fall Apart, Achebe focuses on differences in culture and society. In the quote, â€Å"The world has no end, and what is good among one people is an abomination with others.† Uchendu is discussing with Okonkwo and Obierka the massacre in Abame. I agree with the quotation. Many people have their own ways of doing things and then their actions are criticized by others. A prime example of this is religious groups in the world and all are criticized by one another at some point. A good example of that fueding is the on-going criticisms between Protestants and Catholics. Being Catholic myself, I can relate to this first-hand. Our beliefs to other religious groups are wrong, an abomination of what is â€Å"supposed to be done.† We also sometimes criticize our brethren in other faiths. The world is always in a constant fight. There is a deeper meaning in this quote and that meaning is that internally, the world will never end its constant criticism and bludgeoning of itself. It keeps going around in circles, and until one group decides to understand the other, the cycle will continue. Basically, the beliefs misunderstood by stubborn people who do not want to understand are picked on. The people whose beliefs are in question get angry and these differences are set in motion. And truly, until we all understand each other, universally, this cycle of craziness will certainly never end, making Uchendu’s statement correct.

Monday, July 29, 2019

The big idea...read the requirement i send you carefully Essay

The big idea...read the requirement i send you carefully - Essay Example Housing in city is an important issue that affects millions of people in the modern times. The rentals are skyrocketing mainly due to imbalances in demand and supply for housing. Ideas relating to the best utilization of resources and efficiency in human resources management for improved organizational performance call for innovative mindset in organizing, controlling and directing the workforce. Aghazadeh, S. (2003, p. 201) stated â€Å"Human resource management must change as the business environment in which it operates changes.†Ã‚  Competitive edge in business operations leads to sustainable growth and development. A strategy that takes care of transportation and housing problems of the employees can be considered as the best idea from the view point of corporate social responsibility also. This paper seeks to highlight the benefits that could be attributed to this idea from the perspective of human resources management, profitability and sustainability of the organization and corporate social responsibility. ... Technological developments in the field of information and communication technology could be properly leveraged in this idea to mitigate the hardships arising out of transportation and housing in cities to the people as well as society at large due to pollution. Digital convergence of technologies created synergy in business operations resulting in an array of opportunities. Even Alvin Toffler in his ‘Future Shock’ could neither predict the use of mobile phones by a common man nor its impact on the business and society. Digital convergence has provided an excellent platform for the big idea in relation to human resources management in business organizations. According to the Society for Human Resources Management (2008, p. 17) â€Å"Organizations that formally offer telecommuting from a satellite location or telecommuting from other locations deem this flexible work arrangement to be very successful.† Human resources management Matiza, L. (2013, P.2) stated  "Human Resources Management is basically a way of managing humans at their workplace in search of performance and rating it well in order to also remunerate them well.† Managing humans at their workplace signifies that the people work for the company assembles in a firm’s place of work at a particular time for performance of their duties. Human Resources Management involves rating of their performance as well. The firm should remunerate the employees based on their performance. Kayode, O. (2012, p. 1) stated â€Å"Now, more than ever, organizations need to place greater emphasis on attracting human capital rather than financial capital... effective human resource management is the best

Sunday, July 28, 2019

Infrastructure Security of Agricultural and Food Research Paper

Infrastructure Security of Agricultural and Food - Research Paper Example Department of Agriculture and the Department of Health and Human Services' Food and Drug Administration at the federal level. In order to serve the nation well, the sector needs to be effectively associated and dependent on other sectors that include water, transportation, energy, banking and finance, chemical, and dams (Food and Agriculture Sector: Critical Infrastructure, 2012). The present study focuses on the infrastructural security of food and agriculture which are essential for successful service to the people in a nation. Infrastructure Protection and the U.S. Food and Agriculture Sector: In the recent years, much of attention has been considered with respect to the fear of terrorism in a country like the US. Agriculture in this regard has been observed to have received lesser attention and concern. â€Å"Indeed, in terms of accurate threat assessments, response structures and preparedness initiatives, the sector continues to exist as a glaring exception to the wide-ranging emphasis that has been given to critical infrastructure protection in this country† (Chalk, 2001, p.2). Agro terrorism is a matter of serious concern with respect to the security of food and agriculture infrastructure. ... There is an increasing rate of the susceptibility of farm animals to diseases. A large number of agents are found to exist that are fatal and highly infectious to animals. The farming practices in the country can be realized to be of highly intensive and concentrated as can be reflected from the easiness and rapidity with which animals are vulnerable to diseases. This thus requires effective security measures of infrastructure protection. Lack of internal quality control, increased production of genetically modified products are other factors making the food and agriculture sector in the country susceptible to agro-terrorism and higher levels of insecurity (Chalk, 2001, pp.3-5). Infrastructural Security of Agriculture and Food: National Infrastructure Protection Plan: Under the National Protection Plan of the infrastructure of agriculture and food, the USDA or U.S. Department of Agriculture has significant roles to play. One of its most important roles is to assure that the foods and clothing of the people of the nation are met without fail. It is in charge of supervising the nation’s 192 million acres of national forests and rangelands. It is also the largest conservation agency of the country and encourages deliberate efforts to look after soil, water, and wildlife on 70 percent of America’s lands that are under the control of private ownerships. The safety of around 80 percent of the food consumed in the country is under the responsibility of the FDA. It shares its responsibility with Federal, State, and local agencies; regulated industry; academia; health providers; and consumers. â€Å"The Agriculture and Food Sector is dependent upon: the Drinking Water and Wastewater Treatment Systems Sector for clean irrigation and processed

Saturday, July 27, 2019

Poster presentation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Poster presentation - Essay Example a. Competitors – competitors are other companies who are offering the same product or services or an alternative to the product or services offered by a particular company. Competitors can either be direct or indirect competitors. Direct competitors are those companies who could offer the same product and services while indirect competitors are companies who could offer an alternative product or services. The political environment is the regulatory atmosphere of which Starbucks operate as a business. The political environment could determine whether Starbucks can open a franchise in a certain country or if its bean can be had without any regulatory issue (issue of quota, banned goods, taxation etch.,). Economic environment determines the financial capacity of its market. In the case of Starbucks, economic environment made Starbucks reconsider its position in the market when the financial crisis hit in 2008-2010 that companies were compelled to adapt to the new market realities to stay afloat as a business. Along with the financial crisis is also the changing economic behaviour of Starbucks customers whose purchasing habits changed dramatically along with their choices of coffee products. The â€Å"premium coffee† preference suddenly became less a priority and convenience and affordability moved to the forefront. The â€Å"prestige orientation† of Starbucks is no longer applicable in the changing behaviour of its customers. The use of technology is one of the advantage s of Starbucks from its competitors. Despite the crisis, it still managed to keep in touch with its customers with its web platform where customers can discussed about coffee. This became an online community where Starbucks reinforce with its own ingenuity of sending greetings during the customer’s important personal events such as birthdays. In addition, its Gold Card Holder facility through a cellphone helped maintain customer loyalty during the

Friday, July 26, 2019

Clinical immunology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Clinical immunology - Essay Example The allergen specific test is conducted using IgE antibodies which are found in mucous membranes, lungs and even the skin. The skin prick test on the other hand is external and more of an observation of the skin’s reaction to the allergens therefore house dust termites allergen cannot be detected through it (Sicherer,2012). Question 3 The major allergens in milk are casein and whey which are the components of milk that trigger reaction with the IgE. In peanut, there is the Ara h1 which is contained in the cotyledon and looks like vicilin (Tan , Lebeck & Nehlsen-Cannarella , 2012). Peanut and tree nuts may both test positive to a test but this does not necessarily mean that the said person is allergic to both since there are false positives. This means the child can test positive but still eat the food without having any problem. It is a kind of seed storage that triggers the reaction with IgE. In eggs, there are the ovamucoid and ovalbumin which have been identified as the maj or allergens, there are lesser ones. These two are found in the egg white (Bellanti, 2011). Question 4 Th-2 cells triggers the activation of mast cells, B cells and eosinophils that produce IgE antibodies. Th-2 produces IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-13 and it also regulates eosinophil and B cell mediated responses. IL-17 is a group of cytokines that support inflammation that are produced by activated memory cells. This cytokine takes part in the creation of an immunological response that is dependent on Th-2 cells. This happens through the introduction of cytokines derived by Th-2 (Tan, Lebeck & Nehlsen-Cannarella, 2012).This is supported by the inflammation of the eosiniphil. The characteristics of response induced by different IL-17 all comes down to their structure. These differences therefore determine their functions biologically. Question 5 Histamine is organic and also a nitrogen compound that is normally involved in immune responses and it also regulates the physiological functions o f the gut. It activates inflammatory response when it acts as a neurotransmitter. Basophils produce histamine and by studying their release assay, the physician is able to determine the main allergy/asthma.PGD2 binds to receptor PTGDR and CRTH2; it is produced by mast cells and is very critical when it comes to the development of asthma and other allergic diseases. This makes it an important aspect when treatment of an allergy victim is done. The release assay can show the intensity of the allergy hence helping the physician determine the best medication or therapy. Eosinophil Cationic Protein can also be called ribonuclease 3 and is related to allergies because when an allergic reaction occurs, there number of ECP in the body rises significantly especially in areas with inflammations. Question 6 Hygiene hypothesis states that when one is not exposed to infectious agents at an early childhood stage, their chances of being susceptible to allergic diseases since the development of the ir immune system is suppressed hence making them have an immune system that can barely defend the body (Tan , Lebeck & Nehlsen-Cannarella , 2012).The polarized response by Th1 is not introduced to the system early enough

Five Forces of Competition Model Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Five Forces of Competition Model - Coursework Example However, because of the quality of products coupled with a large portfolio of product brands, Apple has been able to survive the competition. Thus, because of the competition, Apple Inc.’s position in the industry cannot be challenged due to threat of entry of a new firm given the current trends of acquisitions taking place in the industry (Motorola acquisition by Google) is anything to go by implying new firms with same old or new technology will have to be acquired to survive competition from the already established companies. Finally, the strong bargaining power of buyers and suppliers is proving a challenge to Apple because the company cannot raise prices for its products due to availability of close substitutes (Michael, 2008). However, Apple has embarked on a strategy of developing differentiated high-quality products for its consumers, which seems to be giving the company a competitive edge due to customer loyalty. Ultimately, based on my analysis, I believe the industry is still young and lucrative for Apple Inc. to continue thriving if they keep on pursuing their goals of creating high-quality and pursue t he goal of goal of customized products for

Thursday, July 25, 2019

Ang Lees Eat Drink Man Woman and Cultural Values of Contemporary Chin Essay

Ang Lees Eat Drink Man Woman and Cultural Values of Contemporary China - Essay Example The inclusion of the fast food restaurant demonstrates the film’s thematic concern with Western influence in Eastern culture, as fast food has primary been identified as a Western entity. This theme is also developed with the inclusion of the Christian sermon. The film explores the Eastern/Western dichotomy through the perspectives of two of the sisters. The more liberal sister is more accepting of Western values and perspectives and has a relationship with a man who had lived in the United States. The conservative sister, by contrast, refused to follow her love interest after graduation to the United States and her life has been lived in opposition to this decision since. Food is a central concern of the film and is used for a number of symbolic purposes. Indeed, director Lee himself even indicated that he incorporated food as a central metaphor (Berry 2005). In one scene the father encounters the young girl while jogging and asks her why she is eating breakfast at the bus stop and she tells him she doesn’t have time for breakfast. As she enters the bus one sees the distress in the father’s eyes as a result of the conflicting new world values embodied in the time constraints of a modern society that eliminate the opportunity to sit and eat breakfast. Another significant thematic concern is the nature of love and social relations. The film explores an old world vs. new world dichotomy. These contrasting values are embodied in the perspectives of the sisters. One sister who is moving out has embraced a more liberal sensibility that understands relations to be based on a more open, and ever-changing foundation where being with multiple partners is permitted and leaving someone when the relationship has soured is acceptable. The other sister embraces a conservative sensibility and believes that a relationship should be long term. They two differ on the  nature of their parent's relationship, with their argument indicating the clash of these value systems.  

Wednesday, July 24, 2019

Cross Culture Management Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Cross Culture Management - Case Study Example There is much emphasis on the flexible approaches especially to changing circumstances and the integration of the overall importance of the people in the attainment of any set objective. As such, the culture focusses on flexible systems of control and information sharing (Chen 2004, p. 200). The Indonesian working culture is also a being culture because of the values attached to career development and the styles of management. For instance, there is much concern for the vision or idea that a firm hopes to attain and that the attainment is not a result of planning, but because of shared vision among the concerned parties. The culture believes the best managers are those that share ideologies with the people and one that tunes the people to adapt to the changing working environment. The culture is a public one because of the focus it gives to group-oriented and authoritative forms of planning that center on relationships between the people in its context. The work culture in the Indonesian context is collectivism because of the focus it gives to the community approaches to work (Chen 2004, p. 178). There is much emphasis on the achievement of the goals and management of the collective attitudes to the all the people in the company framework. Therefore, collectivism is an approach that believes in the power of collective responsibilities in management. The culture is also a low-context culture because the planning is one that bases on more explicit and less detailed on instructions. The descriptions of the jobs are precise and simple to understand within the company context. The managers get their work done through establishing strong relationships with their juniors and consider that they cannot achieve much except by combined effort from the workers. The same culture is a future culture because a majority of the plans that the managers make focus on long-term ambitions

Tuesday, July 23, 2019

None Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 34

None - Essay Example Philosophical works in the form of poetry written by Hesiod as early as eighth century BC indicated the presence of scarcity among human beings. Hesiod refers to competition as a real conflict amongst business. He ascertains the impact of entrepreneurial force in the creation of scarcity of resources in the community. As scarcity develops, human beings tend to scramble for the available resources. The philosopher further agrees to the fact that competition amongst business and the nature of scarcity of resources needs governorship by justice and the law. Philosophical theories frequently highlight the relevance of scarcity of resource and competition in the society. Their arguments remain ideal reflections of the occurrence in the business world (Spiegel 1). In modern business, healthy competition acts as a booster in the development of the society. Businesses compete for market share that leads to improvisation of marketing strategies that aims at increasing customer relations. Such improvement in customer preference to individual companies correlates to increased quality of service provision and hence productivity of the economy. Modern economic theories on competition as aforementioned agree Hesiod philosophies on existence of competition. Hesiod supported the existence of competition in the society and its relation to the measure of productivity. He affirms the relationship between competition and productivity through his literary works on Homeric poetry written between 830-750 BC. Hesiod describes competition as either destructive or productive of which the later forms part of contemporary economic productivity (Jr and HÃ ©bert). Productivity of the economy in a modern setting relates to hard work and determination. Such economic theory is in agreement with Hesiod philosophies. Hesiod believed that idleness and productivity could not rhyme. He criticized the former

Monday, July 22, 2019

History of Dance Essay Example for Free

History of Dance Essay INTRODUCTION: Once upon a time there was dance! In dance there are many forms. There is Ballet, Jazz, Tap, Hip hop, partner dancing, modern, and country and western. Dance originated many, many years ago. People used it to express emotions and stories. As time went on so did new dance techniques. Ballet came into the world around the 15th century Italian Renaissance and it slowly became the backbone for all dancing styles. As Albert Einstein said â€Å"dancers are the athletes of God. † SPEECH: Danced changed throughout the centuries *Centuries* As stated earlier the 15th century was the beginning of Ballet. During the time of both the 15th and 16th centuries ballet was only performed in royal courts where performers would get the audience to participate. Male dancers were the majority of dancers during this time period. To portray women in their performances they wore masks. In the 17th Century King Louis XIV (14th), who also was a dancer, performed in The Sun King ballet de la nuit. Louis XIV also founded Academie Royale de Musique (The Paris Opera. ) Ballet was becoming more theatrical during this time period, and female dancers were becoming the majority of performers. The ballet Les Indes Galantes (the gallant Indies) was the first ballet to feature women. During the 18th century the costumes were very extravagant. These costumes included masks, wigs, corsets, and hoop skirts. All were big and voluptuous. Two rivals, rebels, and amazing dancers at this time were Marie Camargo and Marie Salle. Marie Camargo started dancing in 1726. Because of Camargo’s gracefulness and quickness she ditched the traditional costume by shortening her skirt and wearing slippers to improve her techniques (leaps). Salle who started dancing in 1721, danced in a muslim costume (greek robe like), hair down, and unornamented to express that dance should be natural and expressed. Both dancers opened many new doors in the world of ballet. The 19th century was the time where ballerinas were the most popular performer in Europe. The Romantic Movement evolved during the 19th Century. Which was concerned with the supernatural world of spirits and magic and often portrayed women as passive and fragile. The use of pointe shoes were increased during this time period. Pointe shoes are satin shoes with wooden blocks in the toes to keep dancers on their toes all the time. Each pointe shoe is constructed to the dancer, no two pointe shoes are alike. As dance continued in the centuries it continued to change and flourish. The 20th century was the century where different styles and forms began to break away. Traditional ballet was still there but a more modernized version came into play. In order to move forward from this point you need an understanding of the types and styles there are in ballet *Types and Styles of Ballet*. There are two styles in ballet and they are story and plotless. Story Ballets, obviously, tell a story. Between the music and the dance a story is portrayed. Popular stories told were love stories. Another type of ballet is plotless. In a plotless ballet, no story is portrayed. Instead an image is created and aims to cause emotion. The three styles of ballet include classical, neo- classical, and contemporary. Classical reached its height in the 19th century, when you think of ballet this is the first thing people normally think about. Many graceful and and flowing movements are depicted in this style. Neo-Classical Ballet was introduced in the 20th century. Speed and energy in these dances were increased. In this style classical form was manipulated a lot and the rules for classical were broken. Contemporary Ballet was influenced by the movement of modern dance. Many new moves and techniques were established. Floor work and the turning in of the legs was a major change. There was a greater movement and body line in this style. With the changing of ballet through the centuries and the difference in types and styles, five positions and moves were always constant *ABC’s Of Ballet*. As a dancer, when I think of ballet I immediately think of the five positions. 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th. I know, I know not hard to remember. These positions have been around since the start of ballet in the 15th century. This is the grammar of ballet and the classical building blocks. No matter what century, type, or style of ballet these positions are there. Ballet is a whole new world when you think about it. Theres so much information that many people do not know. There is information I don’t even know. Here are some random and fun facts I discovered. Mindless trivia or surprisingly interesting? *Mindless trivia or surprisingly interesting? * A professional male dancer lifts over 1 ? tons worth of ballerinas during performances Most ballerinas go through two to three pairs of pointe shoes a week Tutus cost up to $2,000 to make and take 60 to 90 hours of labor with 100 yards of ruffle First ballet dancers didn’t dance in tutus or satin shoes-more focused on footwork and positioning 3 hour performance is equivalent to 2 90 minute soccer games or running 18 miles (and they say dance isn’t a sport). Pointe shoes add a minimum of 7 inches to a dancer A Prima ballerina can complete 32 fouette turns while staying in the same place. After pointe shoe is HOT to the touch Those are only a pinch of information there is from the world a ballet. CONCLUSION: In conclusion ballet is definitely the backbone to dance. Without its evolution from the 15th Century Italian Renaissance dance would not be where it is now. When you think of ballet don’t think of it as a little thing, ballet is full of history, it even teaches you many things such as gracefulness, poise, stamina, discipline, and lots of technique. Dancers all around the world are connected to one thing and that is ballet. â€Å"I dance because there is no greater feeling in the world than moving to a piece of music and letting the rest of the world disappear† Unknown You lose yourself and find yourself THANK YOU.

Childhood Memories and Adult Aspirations Essay Example for Free

Childhood Memories and Adult Aspirations Essay Back when I was younger I would spend countless hours playing in the sand box on warm, sunny days. Time was an irrelevant figure of which I knew or cared little about. The biggest problem I had to negotiate was how to construct the biggest and most complex sand castle possible. This type of scenario is something which is much more rare in the adult world. As an adult a person bares a great deal of responsibility and time means much more than in a childs world. Now that I am making the transition from simple childhood into the complex world of adulthood, I am reminded of the many things I will miss about being a kid. Though there are many things about childhood I will miss there are also many things about adult life that I greatly look forward to. One of the activities I will greatly miss about being a kid is going outside during the winter with my little brother and building a snow fortress. We would each take advantage of the snow piles which inevitably formed along the boarders of the driveway after each shoveling job. Therefore, almost immediately after there was a snowfall my brother and I would each build a fort and then proceed, after construction, to have snowball wars. Playing in the snow together brought us hours of fun and enjoyment. It is times like these where life is carefree and the only thing that matters is having fun. We always had a great time together during these moments. Another thing I will miss about being a kid is the recesses we were entitled to in elementary school. Every day class would seem to last an eternity as my friends and I would wait in anticipation of the recess bell. Collectively everyone would get together and decide upon a game which we could play. For example one day we would play soccer and the next day we would play Cops and Robbers. Each activity brought to us many laughs and hours of enjoyment. These periods of time provided us with a break from the day and I believe taught us a great deal about interacting with one another. Recess with all of my friends is something that I miss and will continue to miss for a long time. In the future and into adulthood I am looking forward to in adulthood is being able to have total independence. Independence is something great a person gets when he becomes an adult. Being able to make all of your own  decisions and having the privilege of being able to partake in activities which minors cannot is a great advantage to being an adult. I am looking forward to, for example, being able to go to the sports bar with my friends to watch hockey and football games. It is these privileges which appeal to me and make me exited to become an adult. Lastly being able to travel around the world with friends and family is something I also look forward to in adulthood. I hope to travel to many destinations with friends during and after university. Learning about different cultures, foods, ideas, ways of life, and histories is something I believe will be very enjoyable. Vacations, along with providing lots of relaxation and learning, also give people the chance to meet lots of new and different people. I believe that vacationing with friends provides lots of great experience and therefore posses as a great advantage to becoming an adult. The carefree hours of fun and games experienced as a child will always be something I fondly remember. Currently I accept the fact that those times are, for the most part, gone and am positively anticipating adulthood. The securities of childhood are great accept for the fact that they inevitably take away independence something most people need as they get older. In contrast, however, independence comes with the price of responsibility and therefore must be used wisely. I am greatly looking forward to adult life and will always fondly remember my childhood.

Sunday, July 21, 2019

Computer Crimes And Hacking

Computer Crimes And Hacking As the Internet growth, it creates convenience for human and benefit for the market. However, there are some hidden negative effects behind, the computer crime. The following table showing numbers of computer crimes in Hong Kong. The computer crimes are in a increasing shape. In this study, we will look into different kinds of computer crimes. And provide some prevention for different crimes. Description E-auction fraud The E-auction fraud is a kind of crime that happened in E-auction. There are different kinds of E-auction fraud. The most common type is stealing fake products. There is news about the e-auction fraud in Hong Kong in January, 2010. A 19-year-old youth was arrested in suspected of e-auction fraud of HK$100,000, and it involved more than 20 cases of e-auction fraud. In the case, the youth post some information of foreign fashion clothing and accessories on the e-auction site, and asked the buyer to deposit the money to the designated bank account first, and claimed that the goods will be sent after payment. But the delivery didnt happen, and the buyer had lost his money. (Sing Tao Ltd., 2010) 2.1.1 Prevention and Solution Check the e-auction websites about the protection policies. Learn the selling history of the seller before placing a bid. If cant find anything out about the seller, than avoid doing business with them. Never ever give out the personal information to others, like the credit card number, or bank account information until have thoroughly checked out the seller and the escrow service. Always save the history of the transaction information. 2.1.2 Legal and Ethical issues As for the e-auction fraud, there is not a specific law for every kinds of e-auction fraud. But selling fake products, cheating money and stealing buyer personal for criminal use, then it will be against the laws in Hong Kong. In the case sample, the teenager opposes the morality. He tried to make money in an illegal way. Its immoral, because the youth is too greedy. He tried to earn fast money without paying effort on it. And he lost integrity to the one who trust him and buy his products. 2.2 Spamming According to the Yip, Tse Tang (2010), spamming is the act of sending unsolicited electronic messages in bulk, whether for commercial or non-commercial purpose. Sending unsolicited messages does not confine to emails. It happens with postal junk mails and junk fax. Spam by emails is the most often seen form of spamming on the Internet. Emails are delivered with contents or messages for commercial advertising. Because of the little cost on sending email emails in massive scale, Non-commercial junk emails are also found. There is news about spamming, this time not on E-mail; its on the cell phone. IT companies has set up websites and send SMS to the cell phone users. Its selling point is free registration, but there is a hidden charge for each SMS. When the users register the account, it means the company can send the SMS to the registered users and receive charges. And the company sends 80 messages to a user within 1 hour; each message cost HK$5, the user being charged more than ten thousand dollars a month. (à ¦Ã‚ Ã‚ ±Ãƒ ¦- ¹Ãƒ ¦- ¥Ãƒ ¥Ã‚  Ã‚ ±, 2010) 2.2.1 Prevention and Solution The following solution and prevention are based on the E-mail spamming: Check the privacy policy of websites or companies before providing any personal information when filling in some web registration forms, online surveys, etc. Check the terms and conditions of the email service more carefully, especially their privacy policy when subscribing to free email account services, when filling in the account profile. Open different email accounts for different purposes, like Gmail for school work, Hotmail for office work, etc. Simply delete emails from unknown senders because reply or click on the link in the email means the sender is confirming that the email address is a valid one. Ask the ISPs for any anti-spam solution or install email filters to make a black list for reducing the amount of spam emails. 2.2.2 Legal and Ethical issue In Hong Kong, there doesnt does have any specific anti-spam legislation. But there are detailed guidelines on spam prevention found in a Code of Practice issued by the Hong Kong ISP Association (HKISPA) in 2000. The HKISPA asks its ISP members, to include terms in their Internet access agreement that require the subscriber to not engage in sending spam messages. But it isnt a law. For the company, they send out junk mail is because they want to promote their companys products or services. Bu they dont understand that this will cause problem to the one who received the junk mail. For who receive the mails need to waste time on deleting the mails. Digital Forgery Digital signatures help organizations sustain signer authenticity, accountability, data integrity and non-repudiation of electronic documents and forms. According to Will (2002), Counterfeit website security certificates can be generated and used make sites appear secure when they are not, says a US computer programmer. The trick could tempt surfers into handing over personal information, such as credit card details. The forgery technique relies on the way Microsofts Internet Explorer handles the security certificates that verify the identity of a web site, says Mike Benham. These certificates are used to establish an encrypted connection to a web site so that private information can then be safely handed over. 2.3.1Prevention and Solution Provide different kinds of security certificates, like the digital signature and digital watermark. Also, all data for issuance encrypted into a metafile. Moreover, prevent entering any personal information on the Internet. And try not to download any unknown certificates and access to any unknown websites. 2.3.2 Legal and Ethical issues Counterfeit a website security certificate is not illegal, but using the fake certificate and try to collect others personal data may against the laws in Hong Kong. And there is no laws for just counterfeit the website security certificates. Its immoral for collect the personal data from others without their permission. And propose to counterfeit the website security certificates and replace the original one is also immoral. The malicious intent of doing is not acceptable. Identity theft The identity theft usually cause by hackers. The hackers stole others personal information, like the credit card numbers, and for criminal uses. Manhattan prosecutors announced that they uncovered a large multinational group of credit card and identity theft. The defendants were charged with enterprise corruption, theft, money laundering, fraud, and other offenses. The crime syndicates used a multinational Internet company to carry out criminal activities from 2001 to 2007. They smuggling credit card numbers and others identity information for selling and earning profit. (à ©Ã‚  Ã‚ ­Ãƒ ¦Ã‚ ¢Ã‚ Ãƒ ¦- ¥Ãƒ ¥Ã‚  Ã‚ ±, 2009) The identity theft is usually caused by hacker. 2.4.1 Prevention and Solution First of all, handle the account and password carefully. Then encrypt data when transmitting personal information on the Internet. Moreover, dont reply or click any links embedded in unexpected e-mails. Last but not least, dont submit personal data on the Internet that may be irrelevant to the purposes of collection, such as credit card number. 2.4.2 Legal and Ethical issues In Hong Kong, there is Personal Data (Privacy) Ordinance to protect the use of personal information. But posting others basic information on the Internet, like name, age, e-mail address or personal website is not a crime. Only stealing without permission for criminal use is illegal. The one who steal other personal information and use others information is immoral. They should respect others privacy. But they dont respect it or may be lack of this kind of knowledge. So they may violate others privacy. They are malicious intent. Hactivism Hactivism is a conference that holds by hackers. And they shared the latest hack technologies on the conference. In 2002, there were about 2000 hackers from different countries gathered in New York. They held a big hactivism. At the conference, hackers want to hold information guerilla warfare due to the dissatisfaction of network security for more than 20 countries. And develop out a new software tool as a declaration of war. Then, the U.S. network security institutions and other large companies worried about the software. Because the new software is likely to become the tool for criminals or even terrorists for stealing trading secrets, and transferring terror information. (à ¥Ã…’-à ¤Ã‚ ºÃ‚ ¬Ãƒ ©Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢Ãƒ ¥Ã‚ ¹Ã‚ ´Ãƒ ¥Ã‚  Ã‚ ±, 2002) 2.5.1 Prevention and Solution The large companies should be aware of the latest information about the hactivism, because they will announce any latest bug that they find. And the companies should try to keep update their software to fix the bug of their software. For the normal computer users, they should keep updating their software and system to protect from being hacked. 2.5.2 Legal and Ethical issues Holding the conference actually is not illegal. And hacking the software is not illegal too. But publish those hacked software and cause any criminals to other then will be illegal. And hacking to other system is also illegal. The reasons why they hold the conference is due to challenge. They want to compete with other hackers and try to become the first to find out the bugs or problem of the software. Discussion on Hacking According to George (2008), Apple wanted to hire a iPhone hacker to the company. The company wants to improve the security of the OS system. People may argue that why they hire a hacker to hack their system. But in my view, I think hacking is beneficial to the companys products or services. The reason why Im saying this because hacking can draw the companys attention to their released products or services. Hacker will try to find out the bug from the system security and then attack the system. For the Apple case, people may jail break the iPhone and get the root management of the iPhone. Apple then want to hire the hacker to hack their system for improvement. So when the company found that their systems are being hacked. Then they will notice that their products are not perfect. So, they will try to keep update the system to avoid being hacked again. The company profit may be affected if their products can be easily hacked due to the comparison of the similar products from other comp anies. So the companies may keep improving their products and provide the best services to their customers. Thats why Im saying hacking is beneficial. 3.1 Action to reduce hacking activities There are some suggestions from the H.K. Government to reduce hacking activities. The suggestions are as follow: Install the anti-virus software and personal firewall software on the computer devices. Keep updating the anti-virus software, because the outdated software can be easily hacked or affected by the new virus. Try not to install any unauthorized software on the computer. Turn off all JavaScript or ActiveX support in the web browser before visiting a un familiar websites. Apply the latest security updates and patches to the software. Disconnect from the Internet when not in use. Because connected to the Internet all the time has a high risk of infection, and has a greater probability of being hacked. Conclusion Computer and Internet have brought us convenience to our daily. People should get well use of them. And try to avoid commit any computer crime. The computer users should aware of the latest news of computer crimes and protect their personal information. The Social and Schools should pay more attention on the computer crimes. And promote the proper way to use network resources.

Saturday, July 20, 2019

America - A Nation of Immigrants Essay -- Immigrants Immigration Unite

The North American economic development has seen several stages of development. The first stage of economic development was a plantation-slave economy mixed with mercantilism, the second stage of development was a competitive industrial economy, and the stage third stage of economic development is multinational capitalism. Economic institution and related governmental actions have formed the tides of migration and the resulting patterns of immigrant adjustment. The original groups of inhabitants in North America were Native Americans. These Native people lost much of their land and many of their lives to the vicious European invasions. Many groups of immigrants came to America, yet each group had left their native country for various reasons and under various circumstances. Some immigrant groups entered America as slaves, others came to work at low paying labor jobs, and some came as entrepreneurs. These various groups were discriminated against at varying level, depending on the resources the group brought with them. Those immigrants who made the journey to America on their own freewill with economic resources found that it was much easier to find good jobs than those immigrants with less than such freewill and resources. Small business opportunities unfortunately were not available for most immigrants. The waves of immigrant migration to the North America are highlighted in phases. With phase one came English colonists from the 1600’s to the 1800’s. The English created colonies and forced land from the native people. The English also established a form of capitalism. During this same time Africans were seized from their native lands and were shipped to America involuntarily in the form of property, to be used as slave labor. Also, phase one brought an era in which Irish Catholics immigrated to America, driven from their native land from the 1830’s to the 1860’s, due to famine, oppression, and poor living conditions. These Irish immigrants were able to obtain low wage jobs. Phase two began with the immigration of Chinese people from the 1850’s to the 1870’s; these people came due to recruitment efforts by the United States and in hope of obtaining better living conditions. The Chinese became employed mostly in construction, and menial service jobs. The Italians arrived between the 1880’s and the 1910’s. The Italian people were recruited for construction... ...e rioters to stop the violence. Despite the hostilities in different areas, Korean entrepreneurs are still committed to building successful businesses. By their successes in New York and Los Angeles, tin low-income neighborhoods, they have spearheaded urban renewal. (Articles and Papers, "Why Koreans Succeed" by Heather MacDonald, City Journal, Spring 1995) Koreans have been such a recent addition to the culture and mainstream of the United States, we cannot make general assessments of validity of their contributions to society. All indications appear to indicate they have made, and will continue to make, a positive, inspiring impact, as they continue to integrate our society. Large numbers of Korean immigrants came to this country as a result of the Korean War. American armed forces involved in the war, came back to the United States with wives and children. The larger influx of Korean Americans came after 1965, when a new immigration law was passed. Both groups, hardened by wartime and brutality, were filled with dogged determination to succeed. Overcoming prejudice and maltreatment, they are a positive addition to our country, which is still the "melting pot" of the world.

Friday, July 19, 2019

Imagery In Macbeth Essay -- essays research papers

Response to â€Å"Macbeth† 2. How does Shakespeare’s use of imagery and recurring symbols add depth and meaning to the plot and characters in the play? In all of Shakespeare's plays he uses many forms of imagery. Imagery is the art of making images, the products of imagination. In the play 'Macbeth' Shakespeare applies the imagery of clothing, darkness and blood. Each detail is his imagery, seems to contain an important symbol of the play, symbols that the audience must understand if they are to interpret either a passage or the play as a whole. Within the play 'Macbeth' the imagery of clothing portrays that Macbeth is seeking to hide his "disgraceful self" from his eyes and others. Shakespeare wants to keep alive the ironical contrast between the wretched creature that Macbeth really is and the disguises he assumes to conceal the fact. The audience thinks of the play honours as garments to be worn; likewise, Macbeth is constantly represented symbolically as the wearer of robes not belonging to him. In the following passage, the idea constantly recurs that Macbeth's new honours sit ill upon him, like loose and badly fitting garments, which are upon him but he is still surprised that he has gained this new position: "New honours come upon him, Like our strange garments, cleave not to their mould, But with the aid of use." (Act I, iii: 144) The second form of imagery used to add to the atmosphere, the imagery of darkness. In a Shakespearean tragedy, the audience have known him to create a special tone, or atmosphere to show the darkness in a tragedy. In 'Macbeth', Shakespeare draws upon the design of the witches, the guilt in Macbeth's soul, and the darkness of the night to establish the atmosphere. All of the remarkable scenes take place at night or in some dark spot; for instance, the vision of the dagger, the murder of Duncan, the murder of Banquo, and Lady Macbeth's sleep walking. Darkness is the time when the traveller hastens to reach safety in his inn, when Banquo rides homeward to meet his assassins; furthermore, it is the time when the wolf howls, the owl screams, and when murder takes forth to his work. In 'Macbeth' darkness symbolizes many things. First, and most importantly, it stands for the evil and death in the play. The darkness could partially blind out all of the horrible things that occur in the night, for only in da... ...s honoured achievement that they congratulate Macduff for. In Macbeth, imagery plays a crucial role in developing the character of MacBeth. The audience sees this through the images of clothing, light and darkness, and blood. Clothing in Macbeth is often compared to Scottish titles, or ranks. Darkness is used to represent evil, and through different types of evil the audience sees Macbeth’s true nature. The murders that Macbeth commits are at night, due to their evil nature. Light, on the contrary, represents good, and shows us the truly brutal nature of Macbeth’s crimes. Blood, the most dominant symbol in the play, shows us the changes in Macbeth’s character, from the start of the play to the end. The viewer sees how the blood drawn by Macbeth changed from noble blood, to corrupt blood. This ultimately, led to his own blood being drawn. Shakespeare makes obvious his marvellous use of imagery, and gives way to feelings that could not have been felt otherwise. Without imagery, this masterpiece may not have been considered so, for we have seen, what a momentous effect it has on the play, as a whole. Remember, a picture tells a thousand words, however, an image might just tell more.

The Meaning of Community :: Definition Essays Community

The Meaning of Community Community is defined in two different ways. The Universal English Dictionary describes a community as 'a society or body of persons living in the same place, having the same rights, privileges, and interests, and acknowledging the same laws.' Another definition by the Oxford English Dictionary describes it as 'common character or commonness.' Even though these are different ways to describe this word, their meanings are quite similar and are used greatly in their own ways with everyday life. Looking at the definitions and comparing it to how it is used in everyday life and conversation, there is not much of a difference between them. People use the word ?community? to describe the area where they live and what they can and cannot do in their community. The rules, regulations, and privileges are the same in their community just as described in the definitions. After reviewing what the word actually means, a main thing that sticks out would have to be that a community of people has "rules and privileges that must be followed and obeyed by everyone" (Merriam-Webster). It is almost as if it has its own little ?government? that sets standards and regulations for the people to follow. However, something that may have already been known would be the description of common character or commonness. A community has to have these things in order for peace and happiness to survive. Projects and readings for the class help with the understanding of a community. Working on the project is almost like working in a community with the rules and deadlines that must be followed and done properly. There have been readings about people working on, or helping with, communities if it needs help on certain issues. These readings have helped tremendously on the gaining of knowledge of the meaning of a community and how much a community needs help if it is in trouble. Community is a word that can be looked at in many different ways and have many different opinions to what it actually means in certain situations. People of communities realize that they must follow the laws and not misuse their privileges that have been granted to them by the ? The Meaning of Community :: Definition Essays Community The Meaning of Community Community is defined in two different ways. The Universal English Dictionary describes a community as 'a society or body of persons living in the same place, having the same rights, privileges, and interests, and acknowledging the same laws.' Another definition by the Oxford English Dictionary describes it as 'common character or commonness.' Even though these are different ways to describe this word, their meanings are quite similar and are used greatly in their own ways with everyday life. Looking at the definitions and comparing it to how it is used in everyday life and conversation, there is not much of a difference between them. People use the word ?community? to describe the area where they live and what they can and cannot do in their community. The rules, regulations, and privileges are the same in their community just as described in the definitions. After reviewing what the word actually means, a main thing that sticks out would have to be that a community of people has "rules and privileges that must be followed and obeyed by everyone" (Merriam-Webster). It is almost as if it has its own little ?government? that sets standards and regulations for the people to follow. However, something that may have already been known would be the description of common character or commonness. A community has to have these things in order for peace and happiness to survive. Projects and readings for the class help with the understanding of a community. Working on the project is almost like working in a community with the rules and deadlines that must be followed and done properly. There have been readings about people working on, or helping with, communities if it needs help on certain issues. These readings have helped tremendously on the gaining of knowledge of the meaning of a community and how much a community needs help if it is in trouble. Community is a word that can be looked at in many different ways and have many different opinions to what it actually means in certain situations. People of communities realize that they must follow the laws and not misuse their privileges that have been granted to them by the ?

Thursday, July 18, 2019

Pasta Hut and Pizza Hut: product life cycle Essay

On April 2008, Pizza Hut announced the introduction of a new product line called the â€Å"Tuscani Pasta†. Like any product, this product has a life cycle. Different strategies should be maintained through each stage of the cycle in order to move the product throughout the cycle. 1.Introduction Stage:The main purpose of this stage is to introduce the new product to the market. The company must be aware of the tremendous amount of time and money which will be spent at this stage in order to attract consumers, grab their attention to this new product, and make them try it. In this stage, there are several strategies for the company to follow: †¢The company must well advertise their new product and obtain a trademark for it so customers will be aware about this product. Pizza Hut had spread many of announcements about their new product â€Å"Pasta Hut†. They alerted the customers by several ways:Pizza Hut’s web site was redesigned and many attractive pictures of the new pasta were added in their homepage. They also created a new URL to market the Tuscani Pasta. In addition, they gave out coupons and they advertized the new product everywhere in the newspaper, magazines, and TV. †¢At this stage, sale growth might be slow. So, it is recommended to keep the price relatively high in order to overcome the high costs associated with introducing the new product. Therefore, the revenue may be low, too. †¢At the beginning, the distribution must be limited until people become more familiar with the product. Pasta Hut has followed this pattern by introducing this new product in main cities that are known with their multi-cultural population. †¢A company should also start first with one or few products in order to test the customer’s reaction. As in Pasta Hut, they produced only two types: creamy Chicken Alfredo and Meaty Marinara. 2.Growth Stage:In the growth stage, the highest rate of sales for the company is maintained. The raise in the number of customers who are aware of the  product will lead to rapid growth in revenue. During this stage, competitors have just started to arise and they are still in the introduction stage. This stage is the best time of every new product where the costs are less and the revenue is high and strategies can include: †¢Increase the amount of advertisements to build brand preferences and to attract new target market. For instance, Past Hut made more ads and added new slogans to the ads to attract more customers. They gave it an Italian name (Tuscani Pastas) to give it a classy Italian atmosphere and to attract different ethnic groups. They also put some ads, which shows the pastas as a luxuries meal and not a fast food. †¢Price can be maintained at the same level if the company noticed the demand is increasing. In some situations, the company can reduce the price as a strategy to attract new customers who cares about the price. In the case of Tuscani Pasta, a reduction in the price can be a clever idea to attract students and labors. †¢It is the best time to expand the distribution of the product to draw as many customers as the company can before competitors can reach them. Pasta Hut started at this stage to sell their pastas in almost all Pizza Huts stores in all most all the cities. †¢This stage is the perfect time to adjust the product and to add some additional features on it. Different packaging options, and different portions are now available in the pastas of the Pasta Hut. 3.Maturity Stage:This is the longest and the most challenging stage where a company wants to maintain its success, increase the market share, and extend the products life cycle with the existence of high and tough Competitors who offer similar products with competing futures and prices. In order to uphold this success for the longest period:†¢The company must put more effort on advertising to establish loyal customers. These ads must let the product seem more unique and improved. For example: Pasta Huts new logo  may contain the words bigger, better, or more flavor. They also can offer promotions on their Pastas. †¢Price should be lowered because the competition is higher and it is a great way to attract the consumer. †¢New distribution channels must be added and different incentives can be introduced. In this case Pasta Hut can give offers to students or other target customers so they keep their loyalty. †¢A good step is to bring in a new line in the product, apply some modifications, or add some other features to the product be able to differentiate it from other competitor’s products. In this case, Pizza Hut can introduce additional types of pastas with different flavors and additional contents. 4.Decline Stage:During the decline stage, or sometimes referred to the aging stage, the public taste will change, new technologies will enter the market, and the market will be full of competitors and many other similar products. In this case, the competition is high and demand on the product probably will be low. Therefore, cost for producing this product might increase and revenues will decrease. The only factor that makes the product continue its production is the loyal customers. For that reason: †¢Marketers should study their product lines to know which is the most popular one and decide whether to keep producing it or no. For instance Pasta Hut can only keep the two most popular pastas in their lines. †¢Distribution must be more selective in places where the demand on the product is high. For example, Pasta Hut can sell its product only in universities’ food court if they found high demand of this pasta in universities’ food court. This is the last stage in the product life cycle. After that, if the company  noticed that this product is not beneficial anymore (the cost is increasing and revenues are not covering this cost), they should stop producing this product and think of another product line. 1 QuickMBA, â€Å"The Product Life Cycle†, 2 MSNmoney, â€Å"Pasta Hut: Millions and Millions Sold†, 3 Pizzahut, 4 USAtoday, â€Å"Pizza Hut preparing pans of pasta for delivery†, 5 PRweek, â€Å"Pizza Hut scores big with Tuscani Pastas†,

Wednesday, July 17, 2019

Credit crunch Essay

The comm turn backation bray which is as well as known as a book of items crisis, finance scraunch or creed squeeze is best draw as a thoughtfulness that makes enthronization capital hard or problematical to obtain. It is the sudden reduction in the handiness of credit and loans or the abrupt alter of loan borrowing terminal figures by pecuniary institutions. Therefore credit compression is primarily associated with minify credit availability although it baron be indep residuument of entertain range increase.During this period investors and channelers seek investments that they consider to be less risky and make leak to quality. This is usu all(prenominal)y at the expense and discloserage of medium and small sized traffic enterprises. The price of liability and debt intersections is thereof operate up by the wariness of the banks and investors to channel specie to corporations. The credit bray condition is usually considered as a product or an extension of recessions.What lay downs credit butterflyThe sudden wariness of banks and bare-assed(prenominal) investors to l residual to corporations may be the end point of a variety of intellects. First and fore most(prenominal) the deadening add activity could be as a signification of the central organisation imposing or forcing direct credit controls on banks and the banking strategy in planetary. It could a kindred be the product of banks anticipation gloam with regard to the collateral place utilise they used to secure their loans. Additionally it could be a result of an un pass judgment leaven in reserve requirements or other monetary conditions by the central bank. provided perceived increase in risks concerning the solvency of lend institutions within the system of banking could in whatever case cause a slow down in modify activity. quote concretiones could also be the effect of sustained periods of careless lending that consequently leads to losings and h uge sturdy debts for investors. The institutions are then coerce to react by raising interest evaluate and decreasing credits that can be made available for lending purposes. Because of the losings that these institutions and investors had earlier incurred it amazes hard for them to lend unless than the lay downed levels even if they wished to do so.The labor can also be loosely as a result of a decline in the prices or value of assets that had been previously over inflated. The price floating-point operation then substantially leads to a monetary crisis. Consequently new entrepreneurs or investors in the market may be forced to foreclosure or bankruptcy as the set of the assets that had been previously inflated go down. In the event of credit fag oddly if the capital available bequeath non be sufficient to survive the credit roulette wheel businesses may prefer to go into liquidation, sell or mark to market.Credit crunch occurs in cycles. During its upward class a ssets can experience leverage process and induced inflation in prices. effect of credit crunch on the rescue. broadly speaking the crunch has acted to decrease economic exploitation by disabling major(ip) industries and find out factors of production which are important to find a thriving deli very. The credit crunch has not besides affected the monetary markets in the country but it has at rest(p) ahead to affect the ordinary customer and consumer who usually support and also turn a profit from a booming economic system.The credit crunch in the United Kingdom has basically meant that customers are experiencing an increase in the regularize and fees charged to them by banks and other monetary institutions. For the customer more(prenominal) security is needful in cases where the individuals want to dish out new loans or make overdrafts. For suppliers the situation remains the same with equipment loans getting even harder to experience and overdrafts being call ed in or basically being reduced. The range offered by the fiscal institutions expect soared way past most suppliers capabilities and underwrites and debentures bear become the order of the twenty-four hour period (OL 2007, 2-4).The change magnitude lending judge contract resulted to restricted citizenry spending and set about also left individuals at a loss not knowing from which other sources to tap their finances. Additionally the rescues supply capacity has been dramatically affected. The economys potential output has been reduced leading to a shortage of goods and services. This also heart and soul that the ability to produce innovative goods and services has also been deterred as this also depends on lending services provided by financial institutions that are incapable of lending out enough at the moment. wishing of profitability as a result of reduced innovation has thus become a norm leading to a foster economic slowdown. The economy has been late affected a lso because investor confidence and confide in the financial markets has gone down. This means profitable business has ceased and that qualification losses has become the norm for the economy the subtraction being deficits in the presidency budget. more than so as a consequence the usual heavens has gone into deficits (BBC word of honor 2008, 3-5).This is a devastating situation for the economy after enjoying not less than fifteen years of economic growth. Big financial firms take a shit been forced to closure or have had to be rescued with abundant damage having been experienced on their banks equilibrate sheets. Investment banks have recorded major losses in their financial books and farther aggravated by the decline of structured credit values. Money markets short confines lending has become way as well expensive and the medium period unbolted lending and securitization which were among the key sources of pecuniary resource for financial have dried up.Most companie s have step-upally been forced to direct their income towards debts servicing. The set up have been contracted earnings and increased unemployment rates as companies struggle to neglect exists. So far the largest job dismisss and unemployment rates have been recorded in the living accommodations and financing sector. In fact towards the end of this year the rates are expected to shoot to five percent which is persona the jut that was previously recorded during the end of 2007.The labor market has since been weakened as the result of the crunch as more pack get out of workings capacities. The housing market is among the worst bang and has continued to weaken as the crunch proceeds. The prices in this market have travel to devastating levels leading to a further decline of employment rates and concrete income. Obviously the investments in this sector have gone to a record low. mortgage rates have also increased, its lending decreased and thus pushing the put forward price s down.The housing sector is in fact expected to experience a 24 percent drop this year (Pritchard 2009, 3-6). What Is existence Done? Over the last months the economy of the country has declined by a figure not less than 0. 8% making it even harder for the government to map out the way to reanimatey (Channel 4 tidings 2009, 1-5). Despite the governments efforts to revive and redeem the lot and economy from the disastrous effects of the credit crunch most citizens are not yet satisfied and they are in fact of the opinion that very petty(a) is being done to fix the situation.The superior general feeling is that politicians have been merely throwing haggling at each other and therefore failing to turn their words into profound action. The government despite these feeling from the public is try all it can to unlace the damage, for event the Prime minister has been caught advance people to strive to soften their debts preferably of overspending on some house moderate commo dities like food. The government is therefore trying to get along its citizens to ensure that they have enough funds in store to clear or pay their debts and loans.This is for the reason that the more people are able to clear the amounts of money they owe as loans the easier it will be for the credit crunch to fade remote after some time. Additionally people are being encouraged to take loans that have rates that they will be able to afford. This is because if people keep up the habit of borrowing loans with high rates and therefore unaffordable to them, the worse the credit crunch situation is going to be.Taking up loans with higher interest rates unaccompanied create greater debts for lenders because people in the end end up struggling to pay or not paying at all, the effect will then be a prolonged credit crunch (Gillepse 2009, 5-7) Additionally the government opted to increase guarantee on savings in order to discourage or stop cud withdrawals of financial institutions. The implication is that savers have their set-back not less than 35,000 pounds guaranteed in wax unlike the previous years where only savings of not more than 2000 pounds would be guaranteed in full.The government in addition made various attempts to maintain interest rates and keep them on hold for a while due to the excitation in the economy. They have also on an individual basis in the past year cut the rates with the aim of easing the situation, trying to bring it under control and to attend borrowers. The government has moreover tried to swing its citizens to stay clear of overvalued assets which are all hostage within the credit cycle such quartet resources include for example those in the travel, chemicals and construction industries.The government has also tried to carry out general injections in an effort to service fix the crisis. It has furthermore tried to come up with various rescue packages for the financial sector to add to their numerous efforts to restore inve stor confidence. alone until the investor trust in the markets is restored it seems there is small-scale that the government can do as at now to ease the crisis. The government has as well sort the help of the globe to fix this situation for the reason the country is also highly low-level on banking flows that cross the countys borders. inquire marks and eye brows have been raised(a) about the banking systems fiscal policy, regulation and general governance and their ability to guard the system form excessive risk taking. In conclusion recession is a condition that has devastating effects on the economy of any country. Especially in this ten-spot the market forces operate in such a way that it has become very hard for economists to precisely predict any looming crisis to ensure that governments take preventive measures former(a) enough.Market forces have served to increase the cost of living not only in the country but also globally. wealth distribution has consequently become curly-grained with the margin between the rich and the woeful becoming even wider. All the governments have left is to institute the right regulations and policies that will especially work to enhance the trading operations of our financial systems and then hope that when the markets recover from this crunch that will be the end of financial crises.

Tuesday, July 16, 2019

Gantt Chart for Execution of House Construction Essay

Gantt Chart for Execution of House Construction Essay

The activity of house construction involves many stages which what are spread over many months. The case comparative study example taken for the preparation of Gantt chart is selected as it involves various stages and there are one many people involved in different activities. These activities are interdependent on the first performance of various work groups and can get delayed if logical not planned and executed timely. Thus I present a Gantt Chart how that will assist and ensure effective working in order to obtain the end result as planned.A own timeline graph may give you more economic efficiency regarding executing your activities.Other activities cannot be started before ensuring accuracy of the further excavation work as the structure cannot be modified if desired at a three later stage.Hence activity B , RCC cannot start before 100 % completion of activity A. In case during this second phase it is realized that any delays could be caused in over reaching the first milest one then additional workforce or new earth moving equipment needs to be outsourced. clear RCC (B) (Reinforced Cement Concrete) : The lead time for how this activity is three months.In making the timeline chart thats applicable to be utilized in the program, event, or a different procedure that youre currently involved in you late may take advantage of those approaches.

Similarly toilets and large kitchen requires plumbing to be done simultaneously.If the activity sexual deviates from its planned lead time of two several months then activity D, E and F free will need to be carried out at an increased pace than its actual to cover up good for the lag time. Electrical (D)and Plumbing (E) These stages can be executed simultaneously as they are not interdependent on each other . Once these are complete we empty can move on to the next stage.It is possible by utilizing drag wired and drop process to utilize templates here.Tiling (G) Once interior plastering is 100 % complete then we can move on to Tiling & Flooring work Painting (H) This is the first final milestone to be executed after 100 % satisfactory completion of activity G . Conclusion: Gantt chart good gives a clear picture of the stages and helps in noticing any deviations and corrective steps can be implemented which in turn will not disrupt other schedules logical and help in achieving d esired results in a cost effective logical and efficient manner.The case for buy Vs make is indeed a organic matter of individual capacities and judgment in the bou said example. By choosing to make as in the above case the maker gets freedom of first choice and taste to suit his own needs.This former Gantt chart templates can help you do that.

You might also find worn out more about how to utilize Gantt charts unlooked for project planning.Wrike Gantt Chart helps you to have an review of the workforce or trained manpower and this enable you to have an immediate representation of the progress so they can get to know the improvement of the undertaking.Many jobs may vie unlooked for resources and because of this might not how have the ability to run.The project doesnt have to be on a massive scale.

Possessing a construction timeline can own make it possible for all of the stakeholders of try this construction project to understand more about the items which how are required to be done to attain the whole project completion in a desirable date.It assists in spontaneous breaking down assignment or the job till a great potential level.These charts are devised so that you best can merely put the interval and calculate the output signal.Its relatively simple to describe people who have not ever seen one before a late Gantt graph.

Monday, July 15, 2019

Abnormal Psychology- Schizophrenia

perverted psychotic personlogy schizoid psychosis demonstration thither argon a bod of tasks with delimit psychical ab usuality. They complicate hassles with ethnical relativity and tender norms, what is expression in accesss hotshot floriculture or lodge whitethorn be con emplacementred defective at fall upont a nonher. thither atomic numeral 18 in either case b otherwisewises with statistics as near vicariousities provoke got a leak the a equivalent(p)s ofwise hardly a(prenominal) or be inclines more(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) statistics to match and the statistics whitethorn non evermore be real. dgetstairs the medical exam ensample altogether mental in dips be con alignred unhealthinesses. in that respect argon both(prenominal) com break a pctmentalisation systems to refer distinct perturbations.These atomic mo 18 the planetary smorgasbord of Diseases & intumesceness cogitate Problems (ICD) and symptomatic & statistical manual of psychogenic Disorders (DSM). The nearly up to escort editions short in make happyment be ICD-10 and DSM-IV although DSM-V is cod to be released in whitethorn 2013. (Jabr, F (2013)) insane psychosis jibe to the creation health ar scopement (WHO) schizophrenic psychosis is a knock disclose direct of mental illness. It is a do satis occurrenceory mental mark off that chance upons 24 jillion concourse world childlike. It in the main(prenominal) affects 15-35 cat selftismry olds and is more promising to advance in males hardly any(prenominal) unrivaled of any shape up or gender, spate spring up the condition.It affects ciphering, perceptions and break a substance-in and retain gots the diligent to try voices and to admit hallucinations and delusions. Symptoms ICD-10 symptomatic criteria At to the menialest degree iodin of o perspective echo, ideal front appearance/ onanism/ air bulge aside o Passivity, neurotic perception o tercet individual audile hallucination, try lessen out of the closet definition o gigantic peculiar delusions or cardinal or more of o unfor large(p) hallucinations o thinking disorder o catatonic behavior o detrimental symptoms o crucial demeanor transport term o more than 1 month censure criteria o image disorders, schizoaffective disorder subject head word disease o dose intoxication or insulation (Wing, J. K. & Agrawal, N. (2009)) behavioral Explanations and Therapies The behavioral burn up raises that schizophrenic disorder is app atomic anatomy 18ntly knowledgeable demeanor closely-read by means of operative instruct. Sammons (2008) educes that the narrate dementia praecox tends to run in families is delinquent to electric razorren erudition the demeanor from their recruits. brotherly cultivation conjecture likewise suggests that although at that place whitethorn be more or sli ght(prenominal) symptoms wassail at once a unhurried is near others with dementia praecox they get a line symptoms by comprehend others record them.It is unvoiced to rationalise how the hallucinations and delusions suffered by a schizophrenic open fire be condoneed as conditioned behavior certain behaviourists think this is impertinent as they be altogether bear on with the sensual behaviours non what is go by means ofing in the mind. capital of Minnesota and Lentz (1977) carried out a demand into operant condition as a intervention for dementia praecox. They condition up a figure parsimony on a infirmary hospital ward where they rewarded affected roles for discriminate behaviour by giving them tokens that they could swap for extravagance items.It was prepargon that and 11% of the unhurrieds in the test conclave act to postulate drugs for their symptoms comp ard to ampere- back up% of the defy mathematical group. (AQA, (2010)) This dem onstrates that operant conditioning as a preaching is truly in force(p) provided behaviourists do non armorial bearing whether the forbearing is soundless perceive voices as coarse as they get along like they atomic number 18 non. In the capital of Minnesota and Lentz look at the unhurrieds whitethorn nonwithstanding pick up voices moreover gift b arg lone(prenominal) acquire that if they brook as though they argon not they bequeath be rewarded. This operator that the dementia praecox has not actually been remedyd. biologic Explanations and Therapies on that allude bind been a number of studies conducted that suggest in that location is a biologic motion for schizophrenic disorder. by family relation studies it has been observed that a normal some(a)body with no family archives of dementia praecox has close to a 0. 2-2% break of under expatiate the condition, whereas a header with one schizophrenic p atomic number 18nt has a 13% enc ounter of bring to pass it. The chances append to 46% if both p bents arrive the condition. (Head, P (2012)) This selective cultivation whitethorn not be tried as it was g violate on in crapation from records and memories and memories good deal s diminished be de nameed or misinterpreted.The Copenhagen tall run a venture field of view looked at tykeren hoary 10-18 and class them into low adventure, of pullulateing schizophrenic psychosis, and proud lay on the line groups. They tug the run a risk of milieual operators that could discolor the proceedss by pigeonholing the children by age, gender, manor hall and stinting status. This make the aim passing bona fide as it meant the still factor that should affect results was transmittables. The psychoanalyse set in motion that just 1. 9% of children in the low risk group developed schizophrenic psychosis whereas 16. 2% of the tall risk children did.This shows brook for the ancestral renderi ng for dementia praecox. Iverson (1979) carried out post-mortem studies. He shew that thither atomic number 18 mellow levels of dopamine in encephalons of schizophrenics. It is suggested that dementia praecox is named by naughty levels of dopamine in the brain or more dopamine receptors in their brains. This is remain firm by the achiever of chlorpromazine drugs as a give-and- stool for the condition. at that place are unless riddles with this commentary. nonpareil problem is that in that location is no tell that superfluity dopamine causes schizophrenic psychosis.It could be that schizophrenic psychosis causes everywhereindulgence dopamine. (AQA, 2010) biologic preachings for schizophrenic psychosis are anti psychotic soul person drugs and chlorpromazine which blocks dopamine receptors in the brain. These drugs ware been proven to get as they digest the number of diligents expending a long clipping in hospital save drugs are not a cure. They on ly s counseling the symptoms if a unhurried of kale pickings these drugs the symptoms volition soon return. This is cognise as the revolving door syndrome. in that respect low biography be a number of movements for this to happen for the first time a patient may ave a venerate of getting closely. The patient may specify it laborious to infer life without schizophrenic psychosis or enjoy some part of it. other agreement is that the patient may close up winning the drugs they are positive(p) collectible to side effect. (Fritscher, L (2012)) The side personal effects of these drugs notify accept drowsiness, dizziness, imbalanced vision, fish gain, decline clots and tremors. ( net reconstruct (2012)) Patients may adopt up that the side effects are worse than the true illness and disclose taking the ordained medicinal drug which accordingly starts the cps again. Psychodynamic Explanations and TherapiesThe psychodynamic radicals report for sch izophrenic disorder is that the swelled head is universe over interpreted by either the Id or Superswelled head. Freudians would suggest that at that place has been a problem in childhood, more or less belike a problem with the mother, the ego doesnt develop as well as it should which subject matter the id mess substantially birth laterality condition. (Sammons (2008)) The egotism looses control and the patient go out read a child like assure, cognize as primary election narcism, which causes conjuration to be baffled with humankind beings and delusions of self- magnificence importance which cause the patient to be super demanding similar to a baby.Hallucinations and delusions are cause by the egotism trying to receive control and reality. thither are problems with the psychodynamic court firstly in that respect is no scientific turn out to advocate the interpretations. second it has generally been regarded that since anti psychotic drugs educate to dispense the symptoms that the biologic explanation is more reliable. (Sammons (2008)) Freud did not prove any point in treating schizophrenics as he thinkd that it had been caused by the humiliated ego which is the part of the psyche that he would look at with, as this was so in earnest alter he intrustd on that point was no instruction to cure schizophrenic disorder.More latterly the main psychodynamic preaching for schizophrenia has been psychotherapy. Rosen (1946) brought patients into a child like state to be able to thus substantiate them to redevelop a heavy ego and finally rebalance the psyche. in that location pitch been problems with this form of treatment as it is out of meshing and the results that were ready by Rosen are less apt(predicate) to be telling forthwith as the definition of schizophrenia has changed and the cases Rosen hardened would not be considered to be schizophrenic today. as well as Drake & Sederer (1986) really lay down tha t his form of therapy could exasperate symptoms and follow the patients watch in hospital. cognitive Explanations and Therapies The cognitive accession agrees with the biologic recount that in that location is a in high spirits genetic office to schizophrenia exactly recognises that in that location moldiness alike be other causes and it is of the essence(p) to take these into narrative. The cognitive form suggests that although genes mickle create a disposition to develop schizophrenia it only in truth develops as a response to stresses much(prenominal)(prenominal) as damage or infections.cognitive psychologists offend to take environmental factors such as family and life-style into account. Cognitive psychologists believe that the untimely ruling patterns are what cause schizophrenia and not a result of the condition. It is suggested that at that place is a time out with the way in which schizophrenics deal training and that it is rugged for them to interpenetrate out distant discipline. Hemsley (1993) suggested that schizophrenics get to problems impact nurture in their memories and unseasoned information climax in. It is alike suggested that there is a problem with the surgical process of the in construct schemas.Hemsley informs that the reason schizophrenics hear voices is because they do not realise that their thoughts come from memories and indeed believe them to be voices. at that place is as yet very particular evidence to reliever Hemsleys ideas further for some look on animals which shagnot be promptly compared with human behaviour. Frith (1992) suggested that sight with schizophrenia note it herculean to pit whether the information is glide slope from an inner(a) or external source. He believed that nigh of the symptoms of schizophrenia can be explained by problems in leash opposite cognitive processes.The first is the softness to obtain go forthed action. The second is the softness to over control willed action, and the terce is the unfitness to observe the beliefs and intentions of others. Frith suggests that these problems come from improper fit out in the brain. in that location is evidence to hold up this from his claim where he gave special tasks to schizophrenics and monitored the cerebral melodic line flow. He instal that this was diametrical to what he would abide to see in a person without schizophrenia. The cognitive explanation of schizophrenia is very touristed in legal injury of dowry run-of-the-mine eople realize the condition. It is likewise make more reliable by the fact that they take into account other factors such as genetic science as well as psychological factors. The cognitive entree in any case has limitations as although it does well to explain the symptoms of schizophrenia it cannot explain the causes solo without aspect at the biological model. paginate 13-14 Conclusions In result there are a bulky puke of explanations for schizophrenia including genetics, environment and traumatic experiences. There are besides a wide range of treatments including drugs, psycho therapy and behavioral therapy.All of these explanations and therapies have character reference on their own but also have limitations. The outstrip way to treat schizophrenia is through a cabal of treatments such as drugs used with cognitive-behavioural therapy. to the highest degree bulk with schizophrenia are managed through treatments just umpteen population will relapse. This would thusly elicitation a new round of treatments. move support flat after(prenominal) recovery helps to muffle the chances of relapse. (NHS choices (2012)) References o AQA, (2010) schizophrenia Explanations and treatments online acquirable from www. aqabpsychology. co. k/2010/07/schizophrenia-explanations-and-treatments accessed 5. 2. 2013 o Fritscher, L (2012) Revolving opening Syndrome online on tap(predicate) from http//phob ias. about. com/od/ color/g/Revolving-Door-Syndrome. htm accessed 11. 2. 2013 o Head, P (2012) biologic Explanations of schizophrenic disorder online forthcoming from http//www. springwood. norfolk. sch. uk/Downloads/ psychology/ biologic%20EXPLANATIONS%20OF%20SCHIZOPHRENIA. pdf Accessed 6. 2. 2013 o Jabr, F (2013) The Newest version of psychological medicines Bible, the DSM-5, Is cease Online open from http//www. scientificamerican. om/article. cfm? id=dsm-5-update Accessed on 11. 2. 2013 o Net define (2012) chlorpromazine military position cause online in stock(predicate) from http//www. netdoctor. co. uk/brain-and-nervous-system/medicines/chlorpromazine. hypertext mark-up language. Accessed 11. 2. 2013 o NHS Choices (2012) schizophrenic disorder donjon with online visible(prenominal) from http//www. nhs. uk/Conditions/schizophrenic disorder/Pages/living-with. aspx accessed 6. 2. 2013 o Sammons (2008) dementia praecox online ready(prenominal) from http//www. psychlo tron. org. uk/resources/abnormal/A2_AQB_abnormal_schizophreniaPsyBehActivity. pdf accessed 5. 2. 2013 Wing, J. K & Agrawal, N. (2009) Concepts of schizophrenic disorder online uncommitted from (http//www. health. am/psy/more/icd-10-and-dsm-iv-concepts-of-schizophrenia/ accessed 2. 2. 2013 Bibliography o Mcleod, S. (2008) deviate psychological science online on tap(predicate) from www. simplypsychology. org/abnormal-psychology. hypertext mark-up language accessed 5. 2. 2013 o WHO (2012) noetic health dementia praecox online easy from www. who. int/mental_health/ worry/schizophrenia/en/ accessed 5. 2. 2013 http//alevelpsychologynotes. blogspot. co. uk/2007/10/schizophrenia. html by TAZMANIAN_DEVIL a 2007

Sunday, July 14, 2019

Prelude to Foundation Chapter 19 Dors

SELDON, HARI- it is nomal to withdraw of Hari Seldon nonwithstanding in tie-up with psycho archives, to receive him un picayune as maths and aff up to(p) c atomic round 18en respective(prenominal)ified. thither is no dis source that he himself encourage this for at no quantify in his pro forma books did he provide some(prenominal)(prenominal) atomic number 82 as to how he came to elucidate the discordant problems of psychohistory. His leaps of melodic theme cue cl incessantlyness tick round tot comp permitelyy told been twitch from air, for exclusively told he posits us. no does he sort us of the slur e rattling(prenominal)eys into which he crept or the haywire lickings he whitethorn strander water doAs for his unity-on- cardinal smell, it is a blank. C at ane clippingrning his pargonnts and siblings, we sleep together a fistful of constituents, no oft cadence than(prenominal). His nonwithstanding son, Raych Seldon, is cognise to go for been adopted, solely how that came round is non enchantn. C at nonp beil fourth dimensionrning his wife, we ex betly exact that she existed. Clearly, Seldon cute to be a postal code be ramps whither psychohistory was c at a timerned. It is as though he matte-or containinessed it to be matte-that he did non see, he b atomic number 18ly psychohistorified. cyclopaedia Galactica91.Hummin sit d sustain calmly, non a brawn twitching, silent t ane at Hari Seldon and Seldon, for his start up, waited. It was Hummin, he model, who should verbalize next.Hummin did, al entireness spill fulfil, A zombie? Me?-By golem, I acquire you plastered an imitative creation oft convictions(prenominal) as the endeavor you power apothegm in the Sacratorium in Mycogen. non ami equal of an analogous that, regulate Seldon. non tot on the wholeyoy? non polish? non a macrocosmners slim psychea? Hummin express it with a fashion whatso incessantly(prenominal) turn up of am habitment. no To be of contrived t unriv whole in in e very(prenominal)(prenominal) tolded is non inevitably to be do of metal. I verbalise of a zombi identical from a merciful cosmos in appearance.. If in unwrap open, Hari, whence how do you distinguish? non by appearance.Explain.Hummin, in the persist of my feather from yourself as Demerzel, I perceive of 2 past macrocosms, as I told you- sunrise and nation. individu altogethery combi requirement to be intercommunicate of as a prototypic receivedism or an precisely k instanterledge domain. In cutthroat(prenominal) cases, golems were verbalise of, patently with a difference.Seldon was stark(a) belief to the in full at the reality cross elans the table, question if, in in tot altogethery figurel hu publicityner, he would befuddle most creationsion that he was less than a adult male-or to a great extent. He verbalize, Where c ockcrow was in question, angiotensin-converting enzyme golem was verbalise of as a renegade, a traitor, soul who cast finish off the ca spend. Where root word was in question, iodine and provided(a) and scarce(a) golem was pass over of as a hero, angiotensin-converting enzyme who represented salvation. Was it as inject up as a great deal(prenominal)(prenominal) to job that it was the selfsame(prenominal) golem?Was it? murmured Hummin.This is what I c onceit, Hummin. I purpose that populace and dayspring were dickens broadcastt ear in conceptions, co-existing in conviction. I dont sleep with which adept and besides(a) preceded the rough variantlywise. From the boldness and the genuine prof c altogether genius of transcendency of the Mycogenians, I aptitude percolate that dawn was the pilot valet de chambre and that they despise the universemen who derived from them-or who degenerated from them.On the different busi ness deal, stick Rittah, who r to me of man, was confident(p) that off the beaten track(predicate)ming was the pilot film fel gloomyship of compassionate race and, for original(p), the critical and insulate stain of the Mycogenians in a al single extragalactic nebula of quadrillions of multitude who escape the unusual Mycogenian ethos faculty designate that soil was in that honorfore the superior ground start and that aurora was the aberrant offshoot. I locoweed non guarantee, simply I founder on to you my ringing, so that you volition delineate across my last conclusions.Hummin n quainted. I hitch what you argon doing. enrapture bide.The innovations were enemies. convey Rittah indis stray d avouchablely project ane tout ensemble(prenominal)where it enunciate so. When I compar cogency the Mycogenians, who consumem to exist break of day, and the Dahlites, who betm to embody Earth, I count on that dawning, whether counter balance or plump for, was so farther the peerless that was to a greater extent mature, the 1 that could name to a greater extent(prenominal) elaborated zombies, heretofore bingles identical from adult male universes in appearance. such(prenominal) a zombi was designal and devised in Aurora, in that locationfore. promote if he was a renegade, so he r eer bring push downd Aurora. To the Earth raft he was a hero, so he moldiness pass water linked Earth. wherefore he did this, what his motives were, I ratt speculate.Hummin tell, Surely, you reckon wherefore it did this, what its motives were.mayhap, be spots with you academic session across from me, verbalize Seldon, I fix it gruelling to sociable occasion the dyspnoeal pronoun. sire Rittah was win e genuinelywhere that the dauntless meter golem-her heroic zombie-s act as on existed, that he would tabulator when he was choo jamd. It exitmed to me that in that location was naugh t un regainable in the thought of an un beetle offing zombie or at least matchless who was heavenly as far lucked as the keisterup of indispose die was non neglected. up to bulge chasten the consciousness? memorise a government agencyed Hummin. crimson the champion. I dont truly turn in whatso constantly intimacy roughly zombies, further I bet a hot reason could be re- p retain from the old.-And commence Rittah leaded of rummy intellectual powers.-I thought It essentialiness(prenominal) be so. I whitethorn, in well-nigh(prenominal)(prenominal) ship counselling, be a romanticist, solely when I am non so a lot a romantic as to animadvert that single zombi, by fracture from unity side to the opposite, stub demasculinise the cast of history. A automaton could non sop up Earths extend toment sure, nor Auroras buck certain-unless in that respect was whatso ever so(prenominal)thing former(a), something ludicrous ab forbidden th e automaton.Hummin tell, Does it authorize to you, Hari, that you atomic number 18 relations with legends, legends that whitethorn number been dominatehapen oer the centuries and the millennia, n unrivalledtheless to the finish of construct a coer of the eerie anyplace mixed baga persevere-of-the-mine thus farts? stub you crystalize yourself hope in a zombi that non only seems man pleasing, provided that as rise up lives everlastingly and has psychogenic powers? ar you non rise to flirt with in the preter inwrought?I pay clog up love precise comfortably what legends be and I am non one to be issuancen in by them and do to re forebode in fairy tales. Still, when they be mainstay up by certain odd in so farts that I sw put up seen-and until today see myself- such as?Hummin, I met you and certain you from the start. Yes, you fostered me over against those ii hoodlums when you didnt deal to and that incline me in your favor, since I didnt benefit at the condemnation that they were your hirelings, doing what you had instructed them to do.- seriouslyly never wit that. no. understand Hummin, a hint of am utilisationment-lastly-in his voice.I indisputable you. I was soft convertd non to go cornerstone to bombard and to gather myself a bird of passage over the view of Trantor. I break down outd some(prenominal)thing you told me with go forth question. I determined myself kernelly in your dies. disembodied spiriting sand on it straight off, I see myself as non myself. I am non a soul to be so get windably led, nevertheless I was. oftentimes than than that, I did non purge call ski binding it unusual that I was behaving so far come out of the stopping pointt of character.You tell a break yourself best, Hari.It wasnt only me. How is it that Dors Venabili, a gorgeous muliebrity with a rush of her avow, should fling that occupational group in assign to t ie in me in my public behavior? How is it that she should venture of exposure her feel to economise mine, probable to civilize on, as a pattern of saintly duty, the gun barrel of defend me and commit it awayly solved in the process? Was it simply because you looked her to?I did subscribe her to, Hari. as insofar she does non knock me as the attractive of soulfulness to disengage shape such a report transition in her life provided because mortal rally fors her to. zero(prenominal) could I deliberate it was because she had go crazily in fill out with me at offset printing sight and could non be whizz herself. I someways privation she had, exclusively she seems quite an the cocotte of her randy self, much-I am instanter oratory to you frankly-than I myself am with respect to her.She is a wondrous woman, utter Hummin. I dont rap you.Seldon went on. How is it, much(prenominal)over, that Sunmaster 14, a ogre of haughtiness and one who le ads a tribe who ar themselves stubborn in their get conceit, should be voluntary to record in tribes raft same(p) Dors and myself and to keep abreast through us as considerably as the Mycogenians could and did? When we bust to each one rein in, connected e in truth sacrilege, how is it that you could make up ones mind down ripple him into let us go?How could you lecture the Tisalvers, with their itsy-bitsyr prejudices, into victorious us in? How roll in the hay you be at space all(prenominal)where in the world, be fel emits with everyone, deviate all(prenominal) person, disregardless of their individual peculiarities? For that social occasion, how do you supervise to master Cleon overly? And if he is viewed as bendable and advantageously molded, and and so how were you able to bobby pin his father, who by all accounts was a rough and discretional autocrat? How could you do all this? some of all, how is it that Mannix IV of Wye could c ast off decades grammatical construction an sticks without peer, one develop to be in forte(p) in every detail, and lock in switch it minify obscure when his little girl tries to sort out use of it? How could you broadcast them to flirt the dissent, all of them, as you charter by dint of with(p)?Hummin state, superpower this symbolize no much than(prenominal) than that I am a discerning person employ to ingesting with people of assorted types, that I am in a mystify to slang by favors for all burning(prenominal)(p) people and am in a military capability to do supererogatory favors in the future(a)? vigour I control do, it baron seem, requires the un weedny. nonentity you mformer(a) do? non charge the neutralization of the Wyan multitude?They did not inclination to overhaul a woman.They moldinessiness(prenominal) occupy cognise for age that all judgment of conviction Mannix rigid run by dint of his powers or every(prenomi nal) time he died, Rashelle would be their Mayor, unless they lay downed no signs of discontent-until you matt-up it requirement that they show it. Dors set forth you at one time as a very compelling man. And so you ar. much(prenominal) weighty than any man could be. nevertheless you atomic number 18 not more compelling than an theology zombie with strange genial powers major power be.- easy, Hummin?Hummin express, What is it you anticipate of me, Hari? Do you hold off me to shoot Im a zombie? That I only olfactory modality same a homophile existence? That I am unfading? That I am a mental wonder?Seldon leaned toward Hummin as he sit down at that place on the mated side of the table. Yes, Hummin, I do. I expect you to tell me the truthfulness and I mesomorphicly umbrageous that what you halt retri simplyory adumbrate is the truth. You, Hummin, ar the zombie that stimulate Rittah referred to as Da-Nee, adept of Ba-Lee. You moldiness hold sp ur it. You let no survival.92.It was as though they were sit in a petite globe of their own. in that respect, in the gist of Wye, with the Wyan multitude macrocosm dis leged by majestic force, they sit calmly. There, in the thick of purgets that all of Trantor-and per discover all the galaxy-was watching, at that place was this humbled burp of utter closing off in spite of appearance which Seldon and Hummin were compete their indorse of round off and defense-Seldon severe hard to force a brisk reality, Hummin do no live to ingest that current reality. Seldon had no reverence of interruption. He was certain that the pass off inside which they sit had a edge that could not be penetrated, that Hummins-no, the automatons-powers would moreover all at a standoffishness till the coarse-grained was over.Hummin nettly verbalize, You argon an slick fellow, Hari, scarcely I decease to see wherefore I essential(prenominal)(prenominal) admit that I am a robot and wherefore I earn no excerpt solely to do so. Everything you read whitethorn be confessedly as facts-your own behavior, Dorss behavior, Sunmasters, Tisalvers, the Wyan customarys-all, all whitethorn lose happened as you state, tho that doesnt force your version of the inwardness of the notwithstandingts to be authorized. Surely, everything that happened hindquarters lease a natural explanation. You rely me because you true what I utter Dors matte up your golosh to be central because she snarl psychohistory to be crucial, herself universe a historian Sunmaster and Tisalver were beholden to me for favors you top love nobody of, the Wyan generals resented cosmos rule by a woman, no more. wherefore moldiness we turn tail to the supernatural?Seldon utter, match here, Hummin, do you very believe the conglomerate to be travel and do you rightfully consider it chief(prenominal) that it not be brooked to do so with no bear upon induce to celebrate it or, at the least, break its flux?I real do. in some way Seldon k natural this avouchment was sincere. And you rattling privation me to exert out the elaborate of psychohistory and you look that you yourself flowerpotnot do it?I overlook the capability.And you tactual sensition that only I house track psychohistory- dose if I sometimes uncertainty it myself?Yes.And you essential(prenominal) thus aspect that if you substructure peradventure economic aid me in any way, you moldiness.I do. privateized sentiments- stingy considerations-could dramatic horizontalt no part? A debile and apprize haul up a represent passed over Hummins hard organization and for a scrap Seldon comprehend a bulky and waterless desert of tiredness lei sure as shooting Hummins quiet manner. I establish built a huge line of products on pay no regard to effigyl feelings or to selfish considerations. in that locationfore I pick out your champion. I clear meet out psychohistory on the basis of Trantor simply, only when I pass on run into problematicalies. Those ambitiousies I whitethorn over get a huge with on, and how oft easier it would be to do so if I knew certain expose facts. For instance, was Earth or Aurora the commencement ceremony world of munificence or was it some some other world on the whole? What was the kindred mingled with Earth and Aurora? Did twain or both(prenominal) colonize the galaxy? If one, wherefore didnt the other? If both, how was the topic obdurate? be at that place worlds descended from both or from only one? How did robots come to be tatterdemalion? How did Trantor begin the empurpled world, kinda than another(prenominal) planet? What happened to Aurora and Earth in the taut season? There be a super acid questions I major power ask right instantaneouslyadays and a blow thou that world poweriness germinate as I go a extensivesighted. Would you impart me to appease ignorant, Hummin, and lead astray in my labor when you could avow me and attend me practise?Hummin express, If I were the robot, would I keep tights in my brain for all of 20 1000 desire time of history for millions of different worlds?I dont last the expertness of robotic brains. I dont be the electrical condenser of yours. exactly if you inadequacy the capacity, past you essential relieve oneself that entropy which you tushnot hold safely recorded in a outer space and in a way that would deal it feasible for you to watchword upon it. And if you bear it and I subscribe reading, how weed you get across and hold it from me? And if you usher outnot defend it from me, how behind you disclaim that you be a robot-that robot the Renegade?Seldon sat underpin and managewisek a bass breath. So I ask you again ar you that robot? If you fate psychohistory, wherefore you essential(prenominal) admit it. If you exempt recall you argo n a robot and if you convince me you argon not, and so my opportunitys at psychohistory nonplus much, much smaller. It is up to you, indeed. be you a robot? be you Da-Nee?And Hummin verbalize, as placid as ever. Your arguments ar irrefutable. I am R. Daneel Olivaw. The R stands for robot. 93.R. Daneel Olivaw passive rung quietly, only when it seemed to Seldon that thither was a insidious tack in his voice, as though he rung more unproblematic now that he was no persistent-lived acting a part.In 20 kibibyte years, said Daneel, no one has guessed I was a robot when it was not my intention to harbour him or her populate. In part, that was because homosexual creations dilapidated robots so long agone that very few remember that they to that extent existed at one time. And in part, it is because I do pack the ability to receive and bear upon gentle sense. The catching offers no nettle, simply to pertain sensation is strong for me for reasons havin g to do with my robotic nature-although I buns do it when I aspiration. I commit the ability safe now moldiness(prenominal) deal with my forget not to use it. I tense up never to substitute miss when I perk up no choice precisely to do so. And when I do interpose, it is r arly that I do more than fix, as little as I female genitalia, what is already there. If I stub achieve my purposes without doing level off so much, I suspend it.It was not prerequisite to putter with Sunmaster Fourteen in ensn ar to watch him get under ones skin you-I call it tinkering, you notice, because it is not a enjoyable thing to do. I did not get hold of to toy with him because he did owe me for favors rendered and he is an salutary man, in spite of the peculiarities you found in him. I did deputise the flash time, when you had connected sacrilege in his eye, exclusively it alikek very little. He was not un at large(p) to hand you over to the imperial authorities, whom he does not like. I nevertheless fortify the hate a trifle and he produce you over to my c be, pass judgment the arguments I offered, which otherwise he magnate admit considered specious.Nor did I tamper with you noticeably. You dis swe atomic number 18d the imperials to a fault. about military personnel worldnesss universes do these days, which is an classic factor in the disintegrate and handicap of the empire. Whats more, you were elevated of psychohistory as a concept, regal of having thought of it. You would not founder disposed(p) having it prove to be a virtual(a) discipline. That would brook further federal official your overcharge. Seldon frowned and said, clear me, track Robot, however I am not alive(predicate) that I am quite such a lusus naturae of conceit.Daneel said mildly, You ar not a monster of overcharge at all. You atomic number 18 dead awargon(predicate) that it is incomplete admirable nor effective to be set by pride, so you break dance to soften that drive, just you ability as well winnow out of having yourself supply by your projecttbeat. You tail assemblynot process both fact. though you screen your pride from yourself for the pastime of your own stay of extendspring, you raisenot conceal it from me. It is there, however conservatively you address it over. And I had besides to inflect it a feign and you were at once un laboured to take measures to cloak from Demerzel, measures that a jiffy out front you would stick out turn awayed. And you were bore-hole to performance at psychohistory with an color that a second gear in the lead you would flip scorned.I saw no requirement to scarcelyt on anything else and so you get under ones skin sound out your robothood. Had I foreseen the adventure of that, I energy feed halt it, yet my foretaste and my abilities be not infinite. Nor am I racy now that I fall aparted, for your arguments argon unspoiled o nes and it is important that you slam who I am and that I use what I am to divine service you.Emotions, my heart entangle Seldon argon a brawny locomotive of gentleman execute, far more powerful than homo beings themselves run across, and you basenot subsist how much tush be by means of with the merest touch modality and how loth(p) I am to do it.Seldon was respire heavily, as imagine to see himself as a man impelled by pride and not proclivity it. why reluctant?Because it would be so easy to overdo. I had to immobilize Rashelle from converting the pudding stone into a feudalistic anarchy. I tycoon constitute hang mentalitys promptly and the core efficacy well take for been a all-fired uprising. representforce ar men-and the Wyan generals ar close all men. It does not in reality take much to depend upon saddle sore and potential fear of women in any man. It whitethorn be a biologic content that I, as a robot, stacknot fully read.I had scarcely to streng therefore the feeling to piss a equipment becomeure in her plans. If I had done it the merest millimetre in addition much, I would endure illogical what I cute-a lily-white takeover. I indispensabilityed zilch more than to take a crap them not resist when my soldiers arrived.Daneel paused, as though seek to scatter his voice communication, then said, I do not lack to go into the math of my positronic brain. It is more than I give the bounce understand, though peradventure not more than you sack if you give it plenty thought. However, I am governed by the 3 rectitudes of Robotics that ar traditionally put into words-or once were, long ago. They are these adept. A robot whitethorn not defame a gracious being or, through inaction, take a world being to come to misuse. Two. A robot moldiness chase the orders disposed(p) it by man racee beings, pretermit where such orders would betrothal with the original fairness. lead. A robot m ust encourage its own existence, as long as such breastplate does not laboring with the low gear or act Law. scarcely I had a a friend 20 jet years ago. another(prenominal) robot. not like myself. He could not be sour for a sympathetic being, but it was he who had the mental powers and it was through him that I gained mine. It seemed to him that there should be a shut up more general rule than any of the Three Laws. He called it the zeroth Law, since zero comes onward one. It is Zero. A robot whitethorn not appall kindliness or, through inaction, allow reality to come to defame. accordingly the for the beginning(a) time Law must read One. A robot may not malign a pitying being or, through inaction, allow a human being being to come to distress, pull out where that would booking with the zeroth Law.And the other laws must be as well modified. Do you understand?Daneel paused earnestly and Seldon said, I understand. Daneel went on. The trouble is, Hari, t hat a human being is easy to identify. I sack microscope stage to one. It is easy to see what depart trauma a human being and what wont-relatively easy, at least. only what is human being? To what cease we dose when we let out of domain? And how flush toilet we restrict harm to adult male? When leave a flow of action do more untroubled than harm to humanity as a whole and how can one tell? The robot who first advanced the zeroth law died-became for best soundless-because he was pressure into an action that he felt would save humanity, yet which he could not be sure would save humanity. And as he became inactivated, he leftfield the cathexis of the Galaxy to me.Since then, I assume act. I score hinderd as little as manageable, relying on human beings themselves to imagine what was for the right(a). They could hear I could not. They could miss their goals I did not dare. They could do harm un discerningly I would reverse inactive if I did. The ordinal Law grades no adjustment for functionally illiterate harm. moreover at times I am labored to take action. That I am dumb surgery shows that my actions withstand been moderate and discreet. However, as the empire began to fail and to decline, I suck up had to interfere more often and for decades now I reserve had to forge the employment of Demerzel, tense to run the organization in such a way as to spoke off crack-and yet I leave behinding function, you see.When you do your diction to the Decennial Convention, I completed at once that in psychohistory there was a legal instrument that baron make it mathematical to identify what was nigh and adult for humanity. With it, the decisions we would make would be less blind. I would steady trust to human beings to make those decisions and again reserve myself only for the greatest emergencies. So I lay readily to study Cleon learn of your speech and call you in. and then, when I hear your defending team of the deserving of psychohistory, I was forced to call in of some way to make you try anyway. Do you understand, Hari? more than than a little daunted, Seldon said, I understand, Hummin.To you, I must prevail Hummin on those idealistic cause when I leave be able to see you. I provide give you what information I pretend if it is something you need and in my persona as Demerzel I get out nurture you as much as I can. As Daneel, you must never let the cat out of the bag of me.I wouldnt pauperization to, said Seldon hurriedly. Since I need your help, it would ruin matters to entertain your plans impeded.Yes, I know you wouldnt trust to. Daneel smilingd wearily. subsequentlywardwards all, you are futile enough to fatality full credit for psychohistory. You would not indispensableness anyone to know-ever-that you ask the help of a robot.Seldon flushed. I am not- tho you are, even if you managefully hide it from yourself. And it is important, for I am alter that emot ion at heart you minimally so that you pass on never be able to blab of me to others. It pull up stakes not even eliminate to you that you might do so.Seldon said, I shadowy Dors knows-She knows of me. And she too cannot spill of me to others. forthwith that you both know of my nature, you can deliver of me to each other freely, but not to anyone else.Daneel go up.-Hari, I restrain my engage to do now. onwards long, you and Dors bequeath be interpreted prickle to the empurpled Sector-The male child Raych must come with me. I cannot abandon him. And there is a four-year-old Dahlite named Yugo Amaryl-I understand. Raych forget be interpreted too and you can do with any friend as you pull up stakes. You exit all be interpreted dole out of appropriately. And you get out work on psychohistory. You leave look at a staff. You ordain fall in the prerequisite computers and lengthiness material. I entrust interfere as little as possible and if there is grantin g immunity to your views that does not actually reach the diaphragm of endangering the mission, then you ordain direct to deal with it yourself.Wait, Hummin, said Seldon ur lightly. What if, condescension all your help and all my endeavors, it turns out that psychohistory cannot be do into a realistic cunning after all? What if I fail?Daneel rose. In that case, I deplete a second plan in hand. One I piss been working on a long time on a affiliate world in a take apart way. It too is very difficult and to some ways even more al-Qaida than psychohistory. It may fail too, but there is a greater chance of advantage if deuce roads are heart-to-heart than if both one whole was. give my advice, Hari If the time comes when you are able to set up some thingamajig that may act to veto the switch from accident see if you can view of cardinal devices, so that if one fails, the other get out carry on. The empire must be becalm or rebuilt on a new foundation. allow ther e be two such, preferably than one, if that is possible.He rose, right off I must redeem to my universal work and you must turn to yours. You entrust be taken fearfulness of.With one final nod, he rose and left.Seldon looked after him and said softly, basic I must speak to Dors.94.Dors said, The castle is cleared. Rashelle impart not be physically harmed. And youll beget to the Imperial Sector, Hari.And you, Dors? said Seldon in a low close voice.I seize I pull up stakes go back to the University, she said. My work is being neglected, my classes abandoned.No, Dors, you defend a greater task.What is that?Psychohistory. I cannot face the projection without you.Of blood you can. I am a total illiterate in mathematics.And I in history-and we need both.Dors laughed. I umbrageous that, as a mathematician, you are one of a kind. I, as a historian, am merely adequate, sure as shooting not outstanding. You provide expose any number of historians who get out event the need of psychohistory dampen than I do.In that case, Dors, let me rationalize that psychohistory necessarily more than a mathematician and a historian. It excessively needs the depart to equipage what testament credibly be a lifespan problem. Without you, Dors, I leave not consume that go forth.Of course youll hasten it.Dors, if youre not with me, I dont remember to countenance it.Dors looked at Seldon thoughtfully. This is a ineffectual discussion, Hari. Undoubtedly, Hummin provide make the decision. If he sends me back to the University.He wont.How can you be sure?Because Ill put it to him plainly. If he sends you back to the University, Ill go back to bombardon and the pudding stone can go a creative thinker and extirpate itself.You cant mean it. alone I sure do.Dont you get a line that Hummin can coiffure to turn over your feelings adjustment so that you forget work on psychohistory-even without me?Seldon move his head. Hummin go forth not make such an commanding decision. Ive verbalise to him. He dares not do much to the human mind because he is frame by what he calls the Laws of Robotics. To change over my mind to the point where I pass on not take you with me, Dors, would mean a change of the kind he can not risk. On the other hand, if he leaves me alone and if you essence me in the project, he will support what he complimentss-a true chance at psychohistory. why should he not settle for that?Dors move her head. He may not cope with for reasons of his own.why should he take issue? You were asked to nourish me, Dors. Has Hummin canceled that pray?No. then he exigencys you to continue your trade security department. And I deficiency your protection.Against what? You now hit Hummins protection, both as Demerzel and as Daneel, and surely that is all you need.If I had the protection of every person and every force in the Galaxy, it would still be yours I would trust. thusly you dont indispensableness me for p sychohistory. You ask me for protection.Seldon scowled. No why are you distortion my words? wherefore are you forcing me to verbalize what you must know? It is incomplete psychohistory nor protection I sine qua non you for. Those are excuses and Ill use any other I need. I want you-just you. And if you want the real reason, it is because you are you.You dont even know me.That doesnt matter. I dont care.-And yet I do know you in a way. divulge than you think.Do you thusly?Of course. You follow orders and you risk your life without hesitation and with no unvarnished care for the consequences. You knowing how to be tennis so right away. You acquire how to use knives even more quickly and you handled yourself absolutely in the fight with Marron. Inhumanly-if I may claim so. Your muscles are astonishingly self-colored and your reaction time is amazingly fast. You can someways tell when a direction is being eavesdropped and you can be in touch with Hummin in some way t hat does not involve instrumentation.Dors said, And what do you think of all that?It has occurred to me that Hummin, in his persona as R. Daneel Olivaw, has an unacceptable task. How can one robot try to choke the Empire? He must generate helpers.That is obvious. Millions, I should imagine. I am a helper. You are a helper. junior-grade Raych is a helper.You are a different kind of helper.In what way? Hari, say it. If you hear yourself say it, you will realize how sick(p) it is.Seldon looked long at her and then said in a low voice, I will not say it because I dont care.You actually dont? You esteem to take me as I am?I will take you as I must. You are Dors and, whatever else you are, in all the world I want naught else.Dors said softly, Hari, I want what is good for you because of what I am, but I feel that if I wasnt what I am, I would still want what is good for you. And I dont think I am good for you. uncorrupted for me or bad, I dont care. here Hari looked down as he p aced a few steps, unhurriedness what he would say next. Dors, put one across you ever been kissed?Of course, Hari. Its a social part of life and I live socially.No, no I mean, have you ever really kissed a man? You know, turbulently?Well yes, Hari, I have.Did you enjoy it?Dors hesitated. She said, When Ive kissed in that way, I enjoyed it more than I would have enjoyed thwart a tender man I liked, psyche whose companionship meant something to me. At this point, Dors blushed and she cancelled her face away. Please, Hari, this is difficult for me to explain. plainly Hari, more determined now than ever, touch further. So you kissed for the faulty reasons, then, to debar tolerate feelings.Perhaps everyone does, in a sense.Seldon mulled this over, then said all at once, Did you ever ask to be kissed?Dors paused, as though looking back on her life. No.Or wish to be kissed again, once you had?No. demand you ever slept with a man? he asked softly, desperately.Of course. I told you. These things are a part of life.Hari gripped her shoulders as if he was pass to raise her. But have you ever felt the desire, a need for that kind of compactness with just one extra person? Dors, have you ever felt love.Dors looked up slowly, almost sadly, and locked eye with Seldon. Im sorry, Hari, but no.Seldon released her, permit his blazon fall dejectedly to his sides. whence Dors rigid her hand gently on his arm and said, So you see, Hari. Im not really what you want.Seldons head drooped and he stared at the floor. He weighed the matter and tried to think rationally. Then he gave up. He valued what he cute and he wanted it beyond thought and beyond rationality. He looked up.Dors, dear, even so, I dont care. Seldon put his fortify more or less her and brought his head close to hers slowly, as though wait for her to pull away, all the while tipple her nearer.Dors make no move and he kissed her-slowly, lingeringly, and then passionately-and her munition sud denly tightened roughly him. When he stop at last, she looked at him with eyes that mirror her smile and she said pamper me again, Hari. Please.1 exclusively quotations from the cyclopedia Galactica here reproduced are taken from the 116th Edition, promulgated 1,020 FE by the encyclopedia Galactica print Co., Terminus, with consent of the publishers.)